Table 3 :Different varieties of FE diagnosis
Difficulties in obtaining adequate echocardiographic views were
encountered in only 33 cases; twenty-five of them due to the anterior
position of the fetal vertebral column obscuring the view, eight cases
due to maternal obesity and one case due to inappropriate timing (late
referral). Fetal cardiac abnormalities were detected in 175 fetuses
(4%). Among them structural CHDs in 149 (3.4%), fetal arrhythmia in 17
(0.4%)cardiomyopathy in 3 (0.07%) fetuses and cardiac mass
(Rhabdomyoma) in 6 fetuses (0.14%). Of the structural CHDs, maximum
number of cases were large VSD, found in 24 (13.7%) cases. Small VSD
found in 17 (9.7%) cases, TOF in 14(8%)cases. Whereas VSD and
pulmonary atresia in 4 (2.2%) cases, TOF variant like TOF with absent
pulmonary valve syndrome (APVS) in 3(1.7%) cases. Complete AVSD and
partial AVSD were found in 13(7.4%) and 2 (1%) cases respectively.
Quite a large number,11 (6.3%) of cases of HLHS were found. Large ASD
and CoA were found in 8 (4.6%) cases each. We found 6 (3.4%) cases
each of TGA intact IVS, PA intact IVS and cardiac mass. Tricuspid
atresia, mitral atresia was found in 7 (2.2%) and 2 (1%) cases
respectively. DORV with VSD, DORV with VSD and PS, DORV with VSD and PA
were found in 3 (1.7%).4(2.2%) and 1(0.5%) cases respectively. DCM
were found in 3 (1.7%) cases. All other cases like Ebstain anomaly,
endocardial-fibro-elastosis, CTGA were found in less than 1% cases
each.
Of the fetal arrhythmias, 13 fetuses had premature atrial contraction,
and 4 fetuses had congenital heart block