Bone metabolism marker concentrations
Male and female participants had similar serum concentrations of average 25OHD (p = 0.16) and Dkk-1, (483 [130-599] vs. 258 [153-595] pg/mL, p = 0.91), as well as z-scores of OC (p = 0.50) and CTX (p = 0.32). When participants were stratified according to tertiles of Dkk-1 concentration, the TBBMD z-score was decreased across tertiles adjusting for BA, sex and BMI z-score (ANOVA p-value = 0.013, Figure 1A ). However, LSBMD z-scores were not different across Dkk-1 tertiles (ANOVA p-value = 0.24, Figure 1B ).