Nasopharyngitis and urinary tract infection
Ten trials reported the nasopharyngitis AEs of 4 HIF-PHIs for anemia, containing 8732 participants[2, 26, 31, 32, 34, 36, 37, 40]. The results indicated no statistical difference in the risk of Roxadustat, Daprodustat, Vadadustat, and Molidustat compared to ESAs. Seven trials of 3 HIF-PHIs reported urinary tract infection AEs, containing 11,078 participants[2, 16, 27, 30, 31, 43], and no increased risks were showed between HIF-PHIs (Roxaustat, Daprodustat, and Vadadustat) and ESAs (Figure 5).