General SARS-CoV-2 Pathophysiology Mechanism
SARS-CoV-2’s pathophysiology can be summarized as follows: Coughing and sneezing can spread the SARS-CoV-2 virus to other people. Following this, the virus enters the lungs via the respiratory tract and assaults alveolar epithelial type 2 (AT2) cells, which are also in charge of creating the surfactant that lowers the surface tension in alveoli and lowers the pressure that is collapsing. According to reports, the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors on AT2 cells are engaged by the SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins (9, 10). The virus uses the ribosome of the host cell to produce polyproteins after entering the host cell and releasing its positive sense ssRNA. The ssRNA can also replicate its RNA using RNA dependent RNA polymerases. The cell packaging structure can be used to deliver synthesized spike proteins to vesicle carriers. The produced polyproteins of SARS-CoV-2 are broken down by proteinases in the cytoplasm (11).