The calculation of pairwise dissimilarity
In order to compare the pairwise dissimilarity of species composition between each grazing gradients with control grazing gradient for study sites, we adopted Bray-Curtis Index method. We also use the same method to calculate the pairwise dissimilarity of environment conditions between study sites based on the precipitation and temperature of each sample sites in dry season and rainy season.
We visualized community turnover of different grazing gradients sites with Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) based on a Bray–Curtis similarity matrix of species abundance data.