Conclusions
Here we argue that the consideration of thermodynamic theory in forest
ecosystem research holds great potential for a meaningful interpretation
of the effects of forest structural complexity. We propose that higher
structural complexity positively relates to the photosynthetic
capabilities of a forest, which relate to optimized thermodynamic
processes and hence increased energy uptake, exergy storage and
ultimately increased energy turnover and thus adaptability, two ultimate
properties of evolutionary processes. More research is needed to
empirically confirm that the hypothesized causal chain is true for
forest ecosystems, consequently that structural complexity is a driver
of a forest’s ability to deal (buffer or adapt) with environmental
stress. If so, management for complexity would be a reasonable option to
increase the adaptability of forests to future challenges, particularly
climate change, and it should be considered that such complex forest
structures cannot be created overnight, meaning that management towards
higher structural complexity is urgently needed.