2.1 Plant material
The source for the reciprocal hybrids (RH) population described in this study are barley accessions (Hordeum vulgare ssp.spontaneum ) that we selected from the B1K collection in Israel to represent the different genetic clades (Hubner et al. , 2009). In addition, the HID386 is from the IPK collection (Maurer et al.2015). The wild accessions are from Yerucham (B1K-02-02), Michmoret (B1K-03-09), Ein Prat (B1K-04-04), Neomi (B1K-05-07), Ashkelon (B1K-09-07), Mount Arbel (B1K-29-13), Mount Harif (B1K-33-09), Jordan Canal (B1K-42-16), Mount Eitan (B1K-49-19), Mount Hermon (B1K-50-04) and Kisalon, Israel (HID386). The pairs of RH that differ in their plasmotypes were obtained by two-way intercrossing between these 11 wild accessions (from the B1K and HID386) and cultivar barley cv. Noga.