Patients and methods
Serological testing including blood group, antibody screening, and
direct antiglobulintest were performed by standard techniques using the
gel cards (Biorad, Cressier sur Morat, Switzerland and Grifols SA,
Barcelona, Spain). Only Rh(D) positive women who had at least two
pregnancy losses have been included in this retrospective study. 59
women (age 23 - 45 years) had inheritable genetic abnormalities
(thrombophilias), one women did not give consent to genetic testing but
had thrombophilia history in her anamnesis. All women had ineffective
pretreatment with LMWH and/or aspirin. They were treated on an
outpatient basis between 2016 and 2021 at our practice, the
Haemostaseologicum Mitte in Berlin. All medical records and
investigations were retrospectively reviewed.
Dependend on presentation, unpregnant women were introduced to admit
themselves Anti-D (300 µg Rhophylac, CSL Behring) five to ten days prior
to the expected ovulation, and two times within the first twelve weeks
of pregnancy. All other women were presented within short time when they
became aware of their pregnancy, and received, similar to the other
group, two times Anti-D.
All women were clinically examined and investigated for underlying
diseases which might be responsible for the RPL. In addition, they were
tested for thrombophilia.
Informed written consent was obtained for participation, and the local
ethics review board was briefed about this study.
Statistical analyses were performed using the IBM SPSS statistics 28.0
software.