Figure 1. Map of northern South America displaying the mean Near-Equatorial Trough (NET) positions (black lines) during the (a) austral summer and (b) austral winter. Black dashed lines show two possible mean June positions. The mountainous terrain in the northern part of the continent disrupts the NET and makes the mean position variable [Adapted from Fig. 2-5 in Gilford et al. (1992)]. The limits of the WRF-ARW domain are shown in red.