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\begin{document}

\title{Post-Seismic Deformation Related to the 2016 Central Italy Seismic
Sequence from GPS Displacement Time-Series}



\author[1]{Eugenio Mandler}%
\author[2]{Letizia ANDERLINI}%
\author[2]{Adriano Gualandi}%
\author[2]{Francesco Pintori}%
\author[2]{Enrico Serpelloni}%
\author[1]{Maria Elina Belardinelli}%
\affil[1]{University of Bologna}%
\affil[2]{Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 24, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
The 2016-2017 Central Italy earthquake sequence struck the central
Apennines between August 2016 and October 2016 with Mw [?] {[}5.9; 6.5{]},
plus four earthquakes occurring in January 2017 with Mw [?] {[}5.0;
5.5{]}. Here we study Global Positioning System (GPS) stations active
during the post-seismic phase including near and far-field domains. We
separate the post-seismic deformation from other, mainly seasonal,
hydrological deformation signals present in ground displacement
time-series via a variational Bayesian Independent Component Analysis
technique. For each component, realistic uncertainties are provided to
the related ICA-reconstructed displacement field. We study the
distribution of afterslip on the main structures surrounding the
mainshock, and we highlight the role played by structures that were not
activated during the co-seismic phase in accommodating the post-seismic
deformation. In particular, we report aseismic deformation occurring on
the Paganica fault, which hosted the Mw 6.1 2009 L'Aquila earthquake,
and is located further south of the 2016-2017 epicenters; and on a \begin{CJK}{UTF8}{gbsn}〜\end{CJK}\selectlanguage{english}2-3
km thick subhorizontal shear-zone, clearly illuminated by seismicity,
which bounds at depth the west-dipping normal faults where the
mainshocks nucleated. Since afterslip alone underestimates the
displacement in the far-field domain, we consider the possibility that
the shear zone marks the brittle-ductile transition, assuming the
viscoelastic relaxation of the lower crust as a mechanism contributing
to the post-seismic displacement. Our results suggest that multiple
deformation processes are active in the first two years after the
mainshocks.%
\end{abstract}%



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