References
Abbott, R. et al. 2013. Hybridization and speciation. – Journal of
Evolutionary Biology, 26(2), 229–246.
Bell, A. M., and Hellmann, J. K. 2019. An Integrative Framework for
Understanding the Mechanisms and Multigenerational Consequences of
Transgenerational Plasticity. – Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution,
and Systematics, 50, 97–118.
Benard, M. F. 2004. Predator-induced phenotypic plasticity in organisms
with complex life histories. – Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and
Systematics, 35, 651–673.
Bernardo, J. 1996. The particular maternal effect of propagule size,
especially egg size: Patterns, models, quality of evidence and
interpretations. – American Zoologist, 36(2), 216–236.
Bi, K., and Bogart, J. P. 2010. Time and time again: Unisexual
salamanders (genus Ambystoma) are the oldest unisexual vertebrates. –
BMC Evolutionary Biology, 10(1), 238.
Birchler, J. A. et al. 2010. Heterosis. – Plant Cell, 22(7),
2105–2112.
Bradski, G. 2000. The OpenCV Library. Dr. Dobband#x27;s – Journal of
Software Tools.
Burkhart, J. J. et al. 2017. The influence of breeding phenology on the
genetic structure of four pond-breeding salamanders. – Ecology and
Evolution, 7(13), 4670–4681.
Caspers, B. A. et al. 2015. Larval deposition behaviour and maternal
investment of females reflect differential habitat adaptation in a
genetically diverging salamander population. – Behavioral Ecology and
Sociobiology, 69(3), 407–413.
Cogălniceanu, D. et al. 2020. Testing the hybrid superiority hypothesis
in crested and marbled newts. – Journal of Zoological Systematics and
Evolutionary Research, 58(1), 275–283.
Crespi, E. J., and Lessig, H. 2004. Mothers influence offspring body
size through post-oviposition maternal effects in the redbacked
salamander, Plethodon cinereus. – Oecologia, 138(2), 306–311.
Delmore, K. E., and Irwin, D. E. 2014. Hybrid songbirds employ
intermediate routes in a migratory divide. – Ecology Letters, 17(10),
1211–1218.
Denton, R. D. et al. 2014. Evolutionary basis of mitonuclear discordance
between sister species of mole salamanders (Ambystoma sp.). Molecular
Ecology, 23(11), 2811–2824.
Doellman, M. M. et al. 2018. Genomic differentiation during
speciation-with-gene-flow: Comparing geographic and host-related
variation in divergent life history adaptation in rhagoletis pomonella.
– Genes, 9(5).
Drayer, A. N. et al. 2020. Factors Influencing the Occupancy and
Abundance of Streamside Salamander (Ambystoma barbouri) in Kentucky
Streams. – Journal of Herpetology, 54(3), 299–305.
Dziminski, M. A., and Roberts, J. D. 2006. Fitness consequences of
variable maternal provisioning in quacking frogs (Crinia
georgiana ). – Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 19(1), 144–155.
Earl, J. E., and Whiteman, H. H. 2015. Are commonly used fitness
predictors accurate? A meta-analysis of amphibian size and age at
metamorphosis. – Copeia, 103(2), 297–309.
Eastman, J. M. et al. 2009. Duration and consistency of historical
selection are correlated with adaptive trait evolution in the streamside
salamander, Ambystoma barbouri . – Evolution, 63(10), 2636–2647.
Eng, K. et al. 2016. Sensitivity of Intermittent Streams to Climate
Variations in the USA. – River Research and Applications, 32(5),
885–895.
Fischer, E. K. et al. 2016. Plasticity and evolution in correlated
suites of traits. – Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 29(5), 991–1002.
Fitzpatrick, B. M. 2012. Underappreciated consequences of phenotypic
plasticity for ecological speciation. – International Journal of
Ecology, 2012, 32–37.
Fitzpatrick, B. M., and Bradley Shaffer, H. 2007. Hybrid vigor between
native and introduced salamanders raises new challenges for
conservation. – Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America, 104(40), 15793–15798.
Gamble, D. L., and Mitsch, W. J. 2009. Hydroperiods of created and
natural vernal pools in central Ohio: A comparison of depth and duration
of inundation. – Wetlands Ecology and Management, 17(4), 385–395.
Gamble, L. R. et al. 2007. Fidelity and dispersal in the pond-breeding
amphibian, Ambystoma opacum: Implications for spatio-temporal population
dynamics and conservation. – Biological Conservation, 139(3–4),
247–257.
Garcia, T. S. 2002. Interacting color and behavioral responses to
multiple selection pressures in the sister salamander speciesAmbystoma barbouri and Ambystoma texanum . PhD Thesis,
University of Kentucky, USA.
Garcia, T. S., and Sih, A. 2003. Color change and color-dependent
behavior in response to predation risk in the salamander sister speciesAmbystoma barbouri and Ambystoma texanum . – Oecologia,
137(1), 131–139.
Garcia, T. S. et al. 2011. Temperature and ontogenetic effects on color
change in the larval salamander species Ambystoma barbouri andAmbystoma texanum . – Canadian Journal of Zoology. 81. 710-715.
Garcia, T. S. et al. 2004. Larval salamander response to UV radiation
and predation risk: Color change and microhabitat use. – Ecological
Applications, 14(4), 1055–1064.
Garton, J. S. 1972. Courtship of the Small-Mouthed Salamander,Ambystoma texanum , in Southern Illinois. – Herpetologica, 28(1),
41–45.
Graham, E. R. et al. 2014. Correction: Intracapsular algae provide fixed
carbon to developing embryos of the salamander Ambystoma
maculatum . – Journal of Experimental Biology, 217(16), 2983.
Hatfield, T., and Schluter, D. 1999. Ecological speciation in
sticklebacks: Environment-dependent hybrid fitness. – Evolution, 53(3),
866–873.
Hereford, J. 2009. A quantitative survey of local adaptation and fitness
trade-offs. – American Naturalist, 173(5), 579–588.
Herman, J. J., and Sultan, S. E. 2011. Adaptive transgenerational
plasticity in plants: Case studies, mechanisms, and implications for
natural populations. – Frontiers in Plant Science, 2(DEC), 1–10.
Hoban, S. et al. 2016. Finding the genomic basis of local adaptation:
Pitfalls, practical solutions, and future directions. – American
Naturalist, 188(4), 379–397.
Holomuzki, J. R. 1991. Macrohabitat Effects on Egg Deposition and Larval
Growth, Survival, and Instream Dispersal in Ambystoma barbouri. –
Copeia (Vol. 1991, Issue 3).
Hotz, H. et al. 1999. Spontaneous heterosis in larval life-history
traits of hemiclonal frog hybrids. – Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 96(5), 2171–2176.
Johnson, B. R. et al. 2009. Larval salamanders and channel geomorphology
are indicators of hydrologic permanence in forested headwater streams.
– Ecological Indicators, 9(1), 150–159.
Kaplan, R. H. 1985. Maternal Influences on Offspring Development in the
California Newt, Taricha torosa . – Copeia, 1985(4), 1028–1035.
Kaplan, R. H. 1987. Developmental plasticity and maternal effects of
reproductive characteristics in the frog, Bombina orientalis . –
Oecologia, 71(2), 273–279.
Kaplan, R. H. 1992. Greater Maternal Investment Can Decrease Offspring
Survival in the Frog Bombina orientalis. – Ecological Society of
America, 73(1), 280–288.
Kats, L. B., and Sih, A. 1992. Oviposition Site Selection and Avoidance
of Fish by Streamside Salamanders (Ambystoma barbouri ). – Copeia
(Vol. 1992, Issue 2).
Kieren, S. et al. 2018. A biogeographic and ecological perspective to
the evolution of reproductive behaviour in the family Salamandridae. –
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 121; 98–109.
Kneitel, J. M., and Lessin, C. L. 2010. Ecosystem-phase interactions:
Aquatic eutrophication decreases terrestrial plant diversity in
California vernal pools. – Oecologia, 163(2), 461–469.
Komoroski, M. J. et al. 1998. Relationships of lipids to ovum size in
amphibians. – Physiological Zoology, 71(6), 633–641.
Kraus, F. and Petranka, J. W.
1989. A New Sibling Species of Ambystoma from the Ohio River
Drainage. – Copeia, 1989(1), 94–110.
Le Sage, E. H. et al. 2021. Ecological adaptation drives wood frog
population divergence in life history traits. – Heredity, 126(5),
790–804.
Licht, L. E., and Bogart, J. P. 1990. Courtship Behavior of Ambystoma
texanum on Pelee Island, Ontario. – Journal of Herpetology, 24(4),
450–452.
Maurer, E. F., and Sih, A. 1996. Ephemeral Habitats and Variation in
Behavior and Life History: Comparisons of Sibling Salamander Species. –
Oikos, 76(2), 337.
McGee, M. D. et al. 2015. Intermediate kinematics produce inferior
feeding performance in a classic case of natural hybridization. –
American Naturalist, 186(6), 807–814.
McWilliams, S. R., and Bachmann, M. 1989. Foraging Ecology and Prey
Preference of Pond-Form Larval Small-Mouthed Salamanders, Ambystoma
texanum. – Copeia, 1989(4), 948–961.
McWilliams, S. R., and Bachmann, M. D. 1989. Predatory Behavior of
Larval Small-Mouthed Salamanders (Ambystoma texanum). –
Herpetologica, 45(4), 459–467.
McWilliams, S. R. 1992. Courtship Behavior of the Small-Mouthed
Salamander (Ambystoma Texanum): the Effects of Conspecific Males On Male
Mating Tactics. – Behaviour, 121(1-2), 1-19.
Michimae, H. 2006. Differentiated phenotypic plasticity in larvae of the
cannibalistic salamander Hynobius retardatus . – Behavioral
Ecology and Sociobiology, 60(2), 205–211.
Moser, D. et al. 2016. Fitness differences between parapatric lake and
stream stickleback revealed by a field transplant. – Journal of
Evolutionary Biology, 29(4), 711–719.
Niemiller, M. L. et al. 2009. Notes on the Reproduction of the
Streamside Salamander, Ambystoma barbouri , from Rutherford
County, Tennessee. – Southeastern Naturalist (Vol. 8, Issue 1).
Nonaka, E. et al. 2015. Mechanisms by which phenotypic plasticity
affects adaptive divergence and ecological speciation. – American
Naturalist, 186(5), E126–E143.
Nussbaum, R. A. 1987. Parental care and EGG size in salamanders: An
examination of the safe harbor hypothesis. – Researches on Population
Ecology, 29(1), 27–44.
Nzau Matondo, B. et al. 2007. Hybridization success of three common
European cyprinid species, Rutilus rutilus, Blicca bjoerkna andAbramis brama and larval resistance to stress tests. – Fisheries
Science, 73(5), 1137–1146.
Orizaola, G. et al. 2016. Transgenerational effects and impact of
compensatory responses to changes in breeding phenology on antipredator
defenses. – Ecology, 97(9), 2470–2478.
Petranka, J. W. 1982. Geographic Variation in the Mode of Reproduction
and Larval Characteristics of the Small-Mouthed Salamander (Ambystoma
texanum) in the East-Central United States. – Herpetologica, 38(4),
475–485.
Petranka, J. W. 1984. Incubation, Larval Growth, and Embryonic and
Larval Survivorship of Smallmouth Salamanders (Ambystoma texanum) in
Streams. – Copeia, 1984(4), 862–868.
Petranka, J. W., and Sih, A. 1986. Environmental Instability,
Competition, and Density-Dependent Growth and Survivorship of a
Stream-Dwelling Salamander. – Ecology, (Vol. 67, Issue 3).
Petranka, J. W., and Sih, A. 1987. Habitat Duration, Length of Larval
Period, and the Evolution of a Complex Life Cycle of a Salamander,
Ambystoma texanum. – Evolution, 41(6), 1347.
Petranka J. W. 1989. Density-Dependent Growth and Survival of Larval
Ambystoma : Evidence from Whole- Pond Manipulations. – Ecological
Society of America, 70(6), 1752–1767.
Pfennig, D. W., and Martin, R. A. 2009. A maternal effect mediates rapid
population divergence and character displacement in spadefoot toads. –
Evolution, 63(4), 898–909.
Pfennig, D. W. et al. 2010. Phenotypic plasticity’s impacts on
diversification and speciation. – Trends in Ecology and Evolution,
25(8), 459–467.
Pfingsten R. A., Davis J. G., Matson T. O., Lipps G. J. (Jr), Wynn D.
E., Armitage B. J. 2013. Amphibians of Ohio. – Ohio Biological Survey.
R Core Team (2021). R: A language and environment for statistical
computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. –https://www.R-project.org/.
Wyman R. L. 1971. The Courtship Behavior of the Small-Mouthed
Salamander, Ambystoma texanum . – Herpetologica, 27(4), 491–498.
Richter-Boix, A. et al. 2014. Transgenerational phenotypic plasticity
links breeding phenology with offspring life-history. – Ecology,
95(10), 2815–2825.
Richter-Boix, A. et al. 2013. Fine-grained adaptive divergence in an
amphibian: Genetic basis of phenotypic divergence and the role of
nonrandom gene flow in restricting effective migration among wetlands.
– Molecular Ecology, 22(5), 1322–1340.
Sabino-Pinto, J. et al. 2019. The Role of Plasticity and Adaptation in
the Incipient Speciation of a Fire Salamander Population. – Genes,
10(11), 875.
Savolainen, O. et al. 2013. Ecological genomics of local adaptation. –
Nature Reviews Genetics, 14(11), 807–820.
Schneider, C. A. et al. 2012. NIH Image to ImageJ: 25 years of image
analysis. – Nature Methods, 9(7), 671–675.
Semlitsch, R. D. et al. 1988. Time and Size at Metamorphosis Related to
Adult Fitness in Ambystoma Talpoideum . – Ecology, 69(1),
184–192.
Shine, R. 1978. Propagule size and parental care: The “safe harbor”
hypothesis. – Journal of Theoretical Biology, 75(4), 417–424.
Smith C. K., and Petranka J. W. 1987. Prey Size-Distributions and
Size-Specific Foraging Success of Ambystoma larvae. – Oecologia, 71(2),
239–244.
Storfer, A. J. W. 1999. Adaptive coloration and gene flow as a
constraint to local adaptation in the streamside salamander,Ambystoma barbouri . – Evolution, 53(3), 889–898.
Takagi, K., and Miyashita, T. 2019. Larval Prey Preference of
Pond-breeding salamander Hynobius tokyoensis Living in a Stream.
– Current Herpetology, 38(2), 115–121.
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) - Gap Analysis Project (GAP), 2018,
Streamside Salamander (Ambystoma barbouri ) aSTRSx_CONUS_2001v1
Range Map. – U.S. Geological Survey data release.
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) - Gap Analysis Project (GAP), 2018,
Small-mouthed Salamander (Ambystoma texanum )
aSMMSx_CONUS_2001v1 Habitat Map. – U.S. Geological Survey data
release.
Van Buskirk, J. 2009. Natural variation in morphology of larval
amphibians: Phenotypic plasticity in nature? – Ecological Monographs,
79(4), 681–705.
Venesky, M. D., and Parris, M. 2009. Intraspecific variation in life
history traits among two forms of Ambystoma barbouri larvae. –
American Midland Naturalist (Vol. 162, Issue 1, pp. 195–199).
Wan Maznah, W. O. et al. 2018). Lentic and lotic assemblages of
zooplankton in a tropical reservoir, and their association with water
quality conditions. – International Journal of Environmental Science
and Technology, 15(3), 533–542.
Weitere, M. et al. 2004. Adaptive divergence vs. environmental
plasticity: Tracing local genetic adaptation of metamorphosis traits in
salamanders. – Molecular Ecology, 13(6), 1665–1677.
Williams, J. S. et al. 2013. Species tree reconstruction of a poorly
resolved clade of salamanders (Ambystomatidae) using multiple nuclear
loci. – Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 68(3), 671–682.