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\begin{document}

\title{Knowledge gaps in quantifying the climate change response of biological
storage of carbon in the ocean}



\author[1]{Stephanie Anne Henson}%
\author[1]{Chelsey Adrianne Baker}%
\author[2]{Paul Richard Halloran}%
\author[3]{Abigail McQuatters-Gollop}%
\author[1]{Stuart C. Painter}%
\author[4]{Alban Planchat}%
\author[5]{Alessandro Tagliabue}%
\affil[1]{National Oceanography Centre}%
\affil[2]{Exeter University}%
\affil[3]{SAHFOS}%
\affil[4]{ENS-PSL}%
\affil[5]{University of Liverpool}%


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  \date{May 27, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
The ocean is responsible for taking up approximately 25\% of
anthropogenic CO2 emissions and stores \textgreater{} 50 times more
carbon than the atmosphere. Biological processes in the ocean play a key
role, maintaining atmospheric CO2 levels 200 ppm lower than they would
otherwise be. The ocean's ability to take up and store CO2 is sensitive
to climate change, however the key biological processes that contribute
to ocean carbon storage are uncertain, as are their response and
feedbacks to climate change. As a result, biogeochemical models vary
widely in their representation of relevant processes, driving large
uncertainties in the projections of future ocean carbon storage. This
review identifies key biological processes that affect how carbon
storage may change in the future in three thematic areas: biological
contributions to alkalinity, net primary production, and interior
respiration. We undertook a review of the existing literature to
identify processes with high importance in influencing the future
biologically-mediated storage of carbon in the ocean, and prioritised
processes on the basis of both an expert assessment and a community
survey. Highly ranked processes in both the expert assessment and survey
were: for alkalinity -- high level understanding of calcium carbonate
production; for primary production -- resource limitation of growth,
zooplankton processes and phytoplankton loss processes; for respiration
-- microbial solubilisation, particle characteristics and particle type.
The analysis presented here is designed to support future field or
laboratory experiments targeting new process understanding, and
modelling efforts aimed at undertaking biogeochemical model development.%
\end{abstract}%



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\textbf{Hosted file}

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