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\begin{document}

\title{Can mesoscale eddy kinetic energy sources and sinks be inferred from sea
surface height in the Agulhas Current region?}



\author[1]{Pauline Tedesco}%
\author[2]{Jonathan Gula}%
\author[3]{Pierrick Penven}%
\author[4]{Claire Ménesguen}%
\author[5]{Quentin Jamet}%
\author[6]{Clément Vic}%
\affil[1]{University of Cambridge}%
\affil[2]{Université de Bretagne Occidentale}%
\affil[3]{Univ Brest, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS)}%
\affil[4]{IFREMER}%
\affil[5]{INRIA}%
\affil[6]{Ifremer}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 24, 2024}


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\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{abstract}
Western boundaries have been suggested as mesoscale eddy graveyards,
using a diagnostic of the eddy kinetic energy (EKE) flux divergence
based on sea surface height (\selectlanguage{greek}η\selectlanguage{english}). The graveyard's paradigm relies on the
approximation of geostrophy --- required by the use of \selectlanguage{greek}η --- \selectlanguage{english}and other
approximations that support long baroclinic Rossby waves as the dominant
contribution to the EKE flux divergence. However, a recent study showed
an opposite paradigm in the Agulhas Current region using an
unapproximated EKE flux divergence. Here, we assess the validity of the
approximations used to derive the \selectlanguage{greek}η-\selectlanguage{english}based EKE flux divergence using a
regional numerical simulation of the Agulhas Current. The EKE flux
divergence consists of the eddy pressure work (EPW) and the EKE
advection (AEKE). We show that geostrophy is valid for inferring AEKE,
but that all approximations are invalid for inferring EPW. A scale
analysis shows that at mesoscale (L \textgreater{} O(30)km), EPW is
dominated by coupled geostrophic-ageostrophic EKE flux and that Rossby
waves effect is weak. There is also a hitherto neglected topographic
contribution, which can be locally dominant. AEKE is dominated by the
geostrophic EKE flux, which makes a substantial contribution (54\%) to
the net regional mesoscale EKE source represented by the EKE flux
divergence. Other contributions, including topographic and ageostrophic
effects, are also significant. Our results support the use of \selectlanguage{greek}η \selectlanguage{english}to infer
a qualitative estimate of the EKE flux divergence in the Agulhas Current
region. However, they invalidate the approximations on mesoscale eddy
dynamics that underlie the graveyard's paradigm.%
\end{abstract}%



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