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\begin{document}

\title{A flow-curvature-based model for channel meandering in tidal marshes}



\author[1]{Alvise Finotello}%
\author[2,3]{Giulio Mariotti}%
\affil[1]{Department of Geosciences, University of Padova}%
\affil[2]{Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University}%
\affil[3]{Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University}%


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  \date{May 23, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
Channel meandering is ubiquitous in tidal marshes, yet it is either
omitted or weakly implemented in morphodynamic models. Here we propose a
novel numerical method to simulate channel meandering in tidal marshes
on a Cartesian grid. The method calculates a first-order flow by
considering the balance between pressure gradient and bed friction. To
account for flow momentum shift towards meander outer banks, the flow is
empirically modified. Unlike previous simplified methods that relied on
the curvature of the bank, this modification is based on the curvature
of the flow, making the model suitable for use in dendritic channel
networks. The modified flow intrinsically accounts for the topographic
steering effect, which tends to deflect the momentum toward the outer
bank. As a result, the outer bank becomes steeper and erodes due to soil
creep. Additionally, the outer bank experiences erosion proportional to
the flow curvature. This erosion mechanism parameterizes the direct
erosion caused by flow impacting the bank through a proportionality
coefficient, which modulates the rate of lateral channel migration.
Deposition on the inner bank is automatically simulated by the model,
triggered by reduced bed shear stress in that area. The model accurately
reproduces channel lateral migration and sinuosity development, and
associated processes such as meander cutoffs, channel piracies, and
network reorganizations. The model provides an efficient tool for
predicting marsh landscape evolution from decades to millennia, which
will enable exploring how lateral migration and meandering of tidal
channels affect marsh ecomorphodynamics, carbon and nutrient cycling,
drainage efficiency, and pond dynamics.%
\end{abstract}%



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