Acknowledgements
IPP is supported by the European Space Agency Living Planet Fellowship “Swarm Investigation of the Energetics of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling (SIEMIC)”. The view expressed in this publication can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinion of the European Space Agency. IPP is also supported in part by the Canadian Space Agency Class Grant “What role do Alfvén waves play in energy transfer in the dynamical magnetosphere-ionosphere system?” IRM is supported by a Discovery Grant from Canadian Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC). Swarm is a European Space Agency (ESA) mission with contributions from the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) for scientific analysis of Electric Field Instrument data. DJK and JKB are supported by grants from the CSA and ESA.