One principal global mechanism for conserving biodiversity is the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), a global and legally binding treaty among nearly all countries to conserve, sustainably use, and share benefits arising from biodiversity. The CBD had multiple frameworks since its inception in 1992, including the Strategic Plan from 2001 to 2010 (decision VI/26), the Strategic Plan for 2011 to 2020, known as the Aichi Biodiversity Targets (decision X/2), and ongoing preparations for a Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF, https://www.cbd.int/conferences/post2020,CBD/WG2020/2/4). The Post-2020 GBF is expected to have four high level goals for the state of nature resulting from conservation, sustainable use, and shared benefits; and 22 action targets on changes in human society and activities needed to achieve the goals. The GBF is negotiated and must be agreed upon by all Parties, and therefore reflects scientific input, politics, perceived feasibility, and compromise.