3.3 Mechanism of interaction of water and fertilizer on soil
microbial biomass C and N and enzyme activity of Panax notoginseng in
farmland
Vepslinen et al. suggested that chemical fertilizers affected soil
enzyme activity by improving soil physical and chemical properties and
microflora and that an appropriate ratio of water to fertilizer had an
important effect on improving soil fertility and crop yield (Vepsalainen
et al.,2001). Reasonable irrigation can improve soil enzyme activity.
Too much or too low soil moisture is not conducive to the growth and
reproduction of soil microorganisms, resulting in the reduction of soil
enzyme activity. This study found different distribution characteristics
of soil microbiomass carbon, nitrogen and enzyme activity optimal scheme
fit under different optimal water and fertilizer management at different
fertility periods.The Ci values under the same irrigation regime were
F4, F3, F2, and F1 in descending order, and the benefits and drawbacks
of the microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen, and enzyme activity of Panax
notoginseng soil were F4, F3, F2, and F1 in descending order.; Under the
same fertilization treatment, the Ci values decreased and then increased
with the increase of irrigation, and the advantages and disadvantages of
microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and enzyme activity of Panax
notoginseng soil were W2, W1 and W3 in descending order.The Ci value of
the W2F4 treatment was the largest at 0.836 during the rooting period,
followed by the Ci value of the W3F4 treatment at 0.794, and the worst
treatments for soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and enzyme
activity were W1F2 and W1F1 with Ci values of 0.214 and 0.133,
respectively.The maximum Ci value was 0.806 for the W3F4 treatment at
the seedling period, followed by 0.801 for the W2F4 treatment, and the
worst treatments for soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and enzyme
activity were W1F2 and W1F1 with Ci values of 0.263 and 0.111,
respectively.The maximum Ci value for the W3F4 treatment was 0.733,
followed by 0.568 for the W2F3 treatment, and the worst Ci values for
soil microbiomass carbon and nitrogen and enzyme activity were 0.216 and
0.189 for the W2F1 and W1F1 treatments, respectively. The maximum Ci
value for the W3F4 treatment was 0.835, followed by 0.766 for the W3F3
treatment. The worst soil microbial carbon, nitrogen and enzyme activity
treatments were W2F1 and W1F1, with Ci values of 0.273 and 0.068,
respectively.
4 Conclusion
The characteristics of soil microbial biomass C and N and enzyme
activities of Panax notoginseng in farmland were studied through optimal
management of water and fertilizer. The main conclusions were as
follows:
(1) Under the same optimal management of water and fertilizer, the
differences in soil microbial biomass C and N content and soil enzyme
activity were significant with different growth periods
(p<0.05). The soil microbial biomass C and N content and soil
enzyme activity increased firstly and then decreased with time, and
gradually increased from rooting period to flowering period; There were
significant differences in soil microbial biomass C and N content and
soil enzyme activity between the same growth period and different water
and fertilizer optimal management (p<0.05), and soil microbial
biomass C and N content and soil enzyme activity increased with the
increase of irrigation amount and fertilizer application amount.
(2) The correlation coefficients of acid phosphatase and catalase with
soil microbial biomass C and N were in the range of
0.90~1.00 under optimal water and fertilizer management,
while those of urease and sucrase with soil microbial biomass C and N
were in the range of 0.80~0.95. The C and N content of
soil microbial biomass influenced soil enzyme activity.
(3) The comprehensive evaluation of soil microbial biomass C and N,and
enzyme activities under optimal water and fertilizer management showed
that the W2F4 treatment of Panax notoginseng at rooting period had the
highest Ci value of 0.836 and the W3F4 treatments at seedling ,
flowering, and fruiting periods had the highest Ci values of 0.806,
0.733 and 0.835, respectively. The W2F4 treatment at the rooting period
and the W3F4 treatment at the seedling, flowering, and fruiting periods
were significantly effective in regulating soil microbial biomass C and
N, and enzyme activities. That were beneficial to the growth and yield
quality improvement of Panax notoginseng plants.
Foundation items: National Natural Science Foundation of China
projects (51979134, 51779113); 2021 Joint Special Project on Agriculture
in Yunnan Province(202101BD070001-077);Yunnan Province Fundamental
Research Key Projects(CB22052C055A);Yunnan Provincial Education
Department Scientific Research Fund Project (2021J0164); A study of
terrestrial animal habitats in Li Ziping National Nature Reserve,
Sichuan Province(2021ZD0125);Open Fund Project of Yunnan Provincial
Key Laboratory of Highland Wetland Protection and Restoration and
Ecological Services (202105AG070002); Provincial Innovation Team on
Environmental Pollution and Food Safety and Human Health, Southwest
Forestry University (2005AE160017); The construction project of key
disciplines with advantages and characteristics (Ecology) in Yunnan
universities; Research project of Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and
Control in Yunnan University.
Author Bio: Tuo Yunfei (1976-),Male,Associate Professor,Master
Supervisor,mainly engaged in the research of agricultural water
resources planning and utilization,E-mail:tyunfei@163.com.
Corresponding author: Tuo Yunfei (1976-),Male,Associate
Professor,Master Supervisor,mainly engaged in the research of
agricultural water resources planning and
utilization,E-mail:tyunfei@163.com,College of Ecology and
Environment,Southwest Forestry
University,Kunming,650224,China,086+13888939641.
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