Conclusions
Prophylactic antibiotics in patients with acute stroke did not reduce the mortality rate and pneumonia but could reduce the incidence of infections and urinary tract infections. No increase in the risk of adverse events was observed. Whether to use antibiotics prophylactically in patients with acute stroke should be balanced their benefits and risks. Further studies should consider the effect of timing and duration of prophylactic antibiotics on clinical outcomes to identify patients who get benefits from prophylactic antibiotics therapy after stroke.
Author Contributions:Conceptualization, W.Q., Z.S.D. and Y.Z.M.; methodology, W.Q.; software, W.Q.; validation, W.Q., W.Z.Y. and Y.Z.M.; formal analysis, W.Q. and W.Z.Y.; resources, W.Q. and Y.Z.M.; data curation, W.Q., W.Z.Y. and Y.Z.M.; writing—original draft preparation, W.Q.; writing—review and editing, Z.S.D., W.Z.Y., Y.Z.M. and T.H.L.; supervision, Z.S.D., W.Z.Y., Y.Z.M. and T.H.L.; project administration, Z.S.D. and Y.Z.M. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Supplementary Data: Table S1: PRISMA checklist, Table S2: Search strategies through electronic databases, Figure S1: Forest plot for the proportion of patients with mRS ≤ 2, Figure S2: Forest plot for NIHSS score, Figure S3: Sensitivity analyses of mortality rate at different administration time, Figure S4: Sensitivity analyses of the proportion of patients with mRS ≤ 2.
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Table 1. Characteristics of the included studies.