Transvenous lead extraction
All patients with indication for TLE of CIED were treated in the hybrid
room or electrophysiology laboratory, according to current guidelines
(2,5,19). Definitions for TLE procedures and outcomes were derived from
EHRA expert consensus statement (5).
Pacemaker-dependent patients received a percutaneous active fixation
lead, which was placed in the right ventricle and connected to an
external pacemaker. After extraction, all patients received
24-hourintensive care unit (ICU) monitoring for occurring complications
and were secondarily transferred to Arrhythmology Unit, until the
discharge. Patients come from spoke centres were back transferred to the
source centre after achieving clinical stabilization. Early mortality
and related causes were evaluated before discharge.