1 INTRODUCTION
Cases of cerebral ischemic stroke induced by PAVF were mostly reported
in adults, which is attributed to paradoxical cerebral embolism (PCE).1-5 PCE was caused by the transfer of emboli from
venous to artery, or from right heart system to left heart system,
because of the existence of congenital or acquired arteriovenous
communication. PCE is mostly induced by patent foramen ovale (PFO),6 while PAVF is a potential rare cause. This study
reported a 13-year-old boy with TIA induced by PAVF, In order that
enough attentions should be drawed to the rare cause of PCE, and the
missed diagnosis rate should be reduced.