CBD IUCN Description
Habitat loss Residential & commercial development Housing, urban areas, commercial and industrial areas, tourism (the areas themselves) and recreational areas.
Agriculture & aquaculture Physical and ecological effects of livestock and crop production, including wood and pulp plantations and non-timber crops, livestock farming and aquaculture, both freshwater and marine. (See Pollution for the chemical effects.)
Energy production & mining Activities related to renewable and non-renewable energy and goods, such as oil, gas drilling, mining, quarrying, solar farms, windmill turbines etc., and in some cases their necessities (power lines and pipelines, equally classified as Transportation & service corridors).
Transportation & service corridors Roads, railroads, utility and service lines, shipping lanes and flight paths.
Human intrusions & disturbance Recreational activities and work, as well as war, civil unrest and military exercises.
Natural system modifications Fire and fire suppression, as well as dams and water management and use.
Geological events The habitat loss effects caused by volcanoes, earthquakes, tsunamis, avalanches and landslides.
Overexploitation Biological resource use All biological harvest and non-production activities (gathering activities), including hunting, trapping, and collecting terrestrial animals, gathering of terrestrial plants, logging, wood harvesting and fishing.
Pollution Pollution Pollution includes domestic and urban wastewater, industrial, military, agricultural and forestry effluents, garbage, solid waste, airborne pollutants and excess energy (aka thermal pollution).
Invasive species Invasives & other problematic species, genes & diseases A broad label that includes problematic species and diseases caused by microorganisms or otherwise (unknown agents, viruses, prions etc.) of either native, alien or unknown origin, as well as any potentially introduced genetic material.
Climate change Climate change & severe weather The effects of climate-induced habitat shifts and alterations, as well as severe weather phenomena, such as droughts, temperature extremes, storms and flooding.