Results
In this study, 64 patients with influenza were included. The average age
of the patients was 57.50 years, and the average hospitalization time
was 7.50 days. Twenty-eight patients (43.8%) were male, and
approximately 81% had a medical record of a pre-existing medical
condition (Table 1).
The most common pre-existing diseases amongst the patients were high
blood pressure (26 patients, 17.8%), heart diseases (20 patients,
13.7%), and diabetes mellitus (16 patients, 11%), respectively.
Fourteen people (21.9%) had no risk factors for severe disease. The
most common risk factors were chronic pulmonary diseases (including
asthma), cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, liver disease, and
hematologic and metabolic disorders (including diabetes) (Table 3).
The most common treatment regimens for patients with influenza were
oseltamivir (51 patients, 14.8%), vancomycin (45 patients, 13.1%),
levofloxacin (42 patients, 12.2%), and corticosteroids (26 patients,
7.6%). More than 41% of patients reported a history of prednisolone
use.
The most common symptoms of the disease in people with influenza were
cough (51 patients, 13.4%), fever (50 patients, 13.2%), myalgia (41
patients, 10.8%), sputum (37 patients, 9.7%), chills (35 patients,
9.2%), and shortness of breath (32 patients, 8.4%,).
Lung involvement was not reported in 5 patients (7.8%); these patients
had been admitted to the emergency department and were discharged from
the hospital after receiving initial treatment with normal CT scan
findings.
Regarding the outcomes of the disease, 58 patients (90.6%) survived,
and 6 patients (9.4%) passed away. The relationship between the
symptoms and the disease outcome was not significant. (P=0.277).
However, the relationship between oxygen saturation (P=0.037), pulse
rate (P=0.012), and respiratory rate (P<0.0001) and the
outcomes was significant. The relationship between the risk factors for
contracting influenza and the outcome was not significant (P=0.931).
However, the relationship between the outcome and ALP (P=0.001) and ALT
(P=0.003) in patients with influenza infection was significant. The
relationship between imaging records and the outcomes was not
significant (P>0.05) (Table 2)
The results of the univariate and multivariate logistic regression
investigations showed that among all studied vital signs, clinical
signs, laboratory and imaging findings, oxygen saturation percentage,
pulse rate, respiratory rate, ALP, and ALT had significant relationships
with the outcomes of the disease. In the univariate regression model,
parameters of oxygen saturation (ORR=0.821, P=0.007), respiration rate
(ORR=1.298, P=0.003), and ALP (ORR=1.12, P=0.022) had significant
relationships with the outcome.