TBFVL parameter (mean±SD) LM (n=28) LM+TM (n=7) LM+TM+BM (n=6) LM+SS (n=4) LM+ others* (n=4) Miscella-neous** (n=4) Controls (n=53) P value
Tidal volume (ml)
43.7±20.5
35.8±18.8
38.2±12.4
34.7±13.8
53.0±28.2
62.2±36.8
33.7±22.5
0.702
Tidal volume/kg (ml) 8.0±2.7 7.1 ± 0.96 8.48 ± 4.04 8.33 ± 1.3 7.18 ± 1.17 8.13 ± 2.82 7.65 ± 2.81 0.44
Insp time (sec) 0.691±0.210 0.541±0.184 0.537±0.189 0.520±0.130 0.753±0.149 0.662±0.112 0.603±0.146 0.214
Exp time (sec) 0.772±0.281 0.628±0.253 0.599±0.192 0.782±0.419 1.09±0.289 0.970±0.311 0.762±0.264 0.723
Ti/Te 96.9±31.0 92.9±31.0 94.3±13.7 77.8±17.8 59.5±43.9 76.8±30.5 76.3±21.2 0.064
Resp rate/ min 44.7±14.6 46.3±14.6 57.9±16.3 52.5±14.4 33.2±5.3 39.3±12.2 50.2±10.4 0.076
PTIF 0.103±0.042 0.093±0.042 0.129±0.062 0.111±0.040 0.182±0.165 0.149±0.060 0.081±0.052 0.089
PTEF 0.094±0.031 0.077±0.040 0.133±0.032 0.093±0.051 0.084±0.030 0.136±0.064 0.078±0.047 0.179
Time to PTIF 0.302±0.133 0.344±0.135 0.258±0.136 0.341±0.143 0.355±0.186 0.369±0.151 0.303±0.096 0.794
Time to PTEF 0.195±0.102 0.169±0.055 0.194±0.105 0.328±0.226 0.156±0.031 0.173±0.098 0.218±0.110 0.941
tPTEF /t E 30.0±14.3 23.6±14.3 34.6±14.8 41.9±15.5 14.8±6.1 18.8±8.3 30.6±13.3 0.0247
MTEF/MTIF 103.2±42.6 80.2±42.6 106.7±38.8 74.7±22.0 68.6±22.7 85.4±42.0 95.1±16.0 0.112
LM-Laryngomalacia, TM-tracheomalacia, BM-bronchomalacia, SS-Subglottic stenosis, *others-vallecular cyst (1), laryngeal cleft (1), tracheal diverticulum (2), **Miscellaneous-pharyngomalacia (1), pharyngomalacia+LM (1), LM+bronchomalacia) PTIF-Peak tidal inspiratory flow, PTEF-Peak tidal expiratory flow, tPTEF /t E- Time to peak tidal expiratory flow/total time to expiration, MTEF/MTIF- Ratio of mid tidal expiratory flow to mid tidal inspiratory flow. LM-Laryngomalacia, TM-tracheomalacia, BM-bronchomalacia, SS-Subglottic stenosis, *others-vallecular cyst (1), laryngeal cleft (1), tracheal diverticulum (2), **Miscellaneous-pharyngomalacia (1), pharyngomalacia+LM (1), LM+bronchomalacia) PTIF-Peak tidal inspiratory flow, PTEF-Peak tidal expiratory flow, tPTEF /t E- Time to peak tidal expiratory flow/total time to expiration, MTEF/MTIF- Ratio of mid tidal expiratory flow to mid tidal inspiratory flow. LM-Laryngomalacia, TM-tracheomalacia, BM-bronchomalacia, SS-Subglottic stenosis, *others-vallecular cyst (1), laryngeal cleft (1), tracheal diverticulum (2), **Miscellaneous-pharyngomalacia (1), pharyngomalacia+LM (1), LM+bronchomalacia) PTIF-Peak tidal inspiratory flow, PTEF-Peak tidal expiratory flow, tPTEF /t E- Time to peak tidal expiratory flow/total time to expiration, MTEF/MTIF- Ratio of mid tidal expiratory flow to mid tidal inspiratory flow. LM-Laryngomalacia, TM-tracheomalacia, BM-bronchomalacia, SS-Subglottic stenosis, *others-vallecular cyst (1), laryngeal cleft (1), tracheal diverticulum (2), **Miscellaneous-pharyngomalacia (1), pharyngomalacia+LM (1), LM+bronchomalacia) PTIF-Peak tidal inspiratory flow, PTEF-Peak tidal expiratory flow, tPTEF /t E- Time to peak tidal expiratory flow/total time to expiration, MTEF/MTIF- Ratio of mid tidal expiratory flow to mid tidal inspiratory flow. LM-Laryngomalacia, TM-tracheomalacia, BM-bronchomalacia, SS-Subglottic stenosis, *others-vallecular cyst (1), laryngeal cleft (1), tracheal diverticulum (2), **Miscellaneous-pharyngomalacia (1), pharyngomalacia+LM (1), LM+bronchomalacia) PTIF-Peak tidal inspiratory flow, PTEF-Peak tidal expiratory flow, tPTEF /t E- Time to peak tidal expiratory flow/total time to expiration, MTEF/MTIF- Ratio of mid tidal expiratory flow to mid tidal inspiratory flow. LM-Laryngomalacia, TM-tracheomalacia, BM-bronchomalacia, SS-Subglottic stenosis, *others-vallecular cyst (1), laryngeal cleft (1), tracheal diverticulum (2), **Miscellaneous-pharyngomalacia (1), pharyngomalacia+LM (1), LM+bronchomalacia) PTIF-Peak tidal inspiratory flow, PTEF-Peak tidal expiratory flow, tPTEF /t E- Time to peak tidal expiratory flow/total time to expiration, MTEF/MTIF- Ratio of mid tidal expiratory flow to mid tidal inspiratory flow. LM-Laryngomalacia, TM-tracheomalacia, BM-bronchomalacia, SS-Subglottic stenosis, *others-vallecular cyst (1), laryngeal cleft (1), tracheal diverticulum (2), **Miscellaneous-pharyngomalacia (1), pharyngomalacia+LM (1), LM+bronchomalacia) PTIF-Peak tidal inspiratory flow, PTEF-Peak tidal expiratory flow, tPTEF /t E- Time to peak tidal expiratory flow/total time to expiration, MTEF/MTIF- Ratio of mid tidal expiratory flow to mid tidal inspiratory flow. LM-Laryngomalacia, TM-tracheomalacia, BM-bronchomalacia, SS-Subglottic stenosis, *others-vallecular cyst (1), laryngeal cleft (1), tracheal diverticulum (2), **Miscellaneous-pharyngomalacia (1), pharyngomalacia+LM (1), LM+bronchomalacia) PTIF-Peak tidal inspiratory flow, PTEF-Peak tidal expiratory flow, tPTEF /t E- Time to peak tidal expiratory flow/total time to expiration, MTEF/MTIF- Ratio of mid tidal expiratory flow to mid tidal inspiratory flow. LM-Laryngomalacia, TM-tracheomalacia, BM-bronchomalacia, SS-Subglottic stenosis, *others-vallecular cyst (1), laryngeal cleft (1), tracheal diverticulum (2), **Miscellaneous-pharyngomalacia (1), pharyngomalacia+LM (1), LM+bronchomalacia) PTIF-Peak tidal inspiratory flow, PTEF-Peak tidal expiratory flow, tPTEF /t E- Time to peak tidal expiratory flow/total time to expiration, MTEF/MTIF- Ratio of mid tidal expiratory flow to mid tidal inspiratory flow.