Anesthetic protocol:
• In elective or urgent CD in patients without an epidural catheter,
intradural anesthesia with local anesthetic was used together with 10 to
20 µg of fentanyl with or without morphine (50 to 100 µg).
• In intrapartum CD in patients carrying an epidural catheter local
anesthetic was administered through the catheter with or without the
administration of 2 to 3 mg of morphine via epidural at the end of
surgery.
• Patients undergoing CD under general anesthesia were excluded.