Author Contributions
Bingxin Guo wrote the manuscript; Jinxian Chen performed nanopore sequencing, and transcript sequencing, and functional gene analysis; Liang Lu assembled the genome, and bioinformatic analyses; Li Wang carried out the genome annotation; Chenhong Li performed Illunima sequencing and estimated the genome size; Wenbing Liu assessed the assembly quality; Ruilei Zhang and Liqing Wang designed the projects of this study, collected the samples, and determined Chironomus striatipennis . All authors read, edited, and approved the final manuscript.