REFERENCES
Bascompte, J., & Jordano, P. (2007). Plant-animal mutualistic networks:
the architecture of biodiversity. Annual Review of Ecology
Evolution and Systematics , 38: 567-593.
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ecolysys.38.092106.095818
Beal-Neves, M., Ely, C.V., Esteves, M.W., Blochtein, B., & Ferreira, A.
(2020). The influence of urbanization and fire disturbance on
plant-floral visitor mutualistic networks. Diversity , 12(4): 141.
https://doi.org/10.3390/d12040141
Blüthgen, N. (2010). Why network analysis is often disconnected from
community ecology: a critique and an ecologist’s guide. Basic and
Applied Ecology , 11: 185-195.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2010.01.001
Blüthgen, N., Fründ, J., Vázquez, D. P., & Menzel, F. (2008). What do
interaction network metrics tell us about specialization and biological
traits? Ecology , 89, 3387-3399. https://doi.org/10.1890/07-2121.1
Blüthgen, N., Menzel, F., & Blüthgen, N. (2006). Measuring
specialization in species interaction networks. BMC Ecology , 6:
1-12.
https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6785
-6-9
Breitbach, N., Laube, I., Steffan-Dewenter, I. & Böhning-Gaese, K.
(2010). Bird diversity and seed dispersal along a human land-use
gradient: high seed removal in structurally simple farmland.Oecologia , 162: 965-976. https://doi.org/10.1007
/s00442-009-1547-y
Camargo, P. H. S. A., Pizo, M.
A., Brancalion, P. H. S., & Carlo, T. A. (2020). Fruit traits of
pioneer tree structure seed dispersal across distances on tropical
deforested landscapes: Implications for restoration. Journal of
Applied Ecology , 57(12): 2329-2339.
https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13697
Carlo, T. A., & Morales, J. M. (2016). Generalist birds promote
tropical forest regeneration and increase plant diversity via
rare-biased seed dispersal. Ecology , 97: 1819-1831.
https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecy.1380
Costa J M, Ramos J A, Timóteo S, Silva, L. P. D., Ceia, R. S., &
Heleno, R. H. (2020). Species temporal persistence promotes the
stability of fruit-frugivore interactions across a 5‐year multilayer
network. Journal of Ecology , 108(5): 1888-1898.
https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13391
Costa, J. M., Silva, L. P. D., & Ramos, J. A. (2016). Sampling
completeness in seed dispersal networks: When enough is enough.Basic and Applied Ecology , 17: 155-164.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2015.09.008
Cruz, J. C., Ramos, J. A., Silva, L. P. D., Tenreiro, P. Q., & Heleno,
R. H. (2013). Seed dispersal networks in an urban novel
ecosystem[J]. European journal of forest research , 132(5):
887-897. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-013-0722-1
Daniels, B., Jedamski, J., Ottermanns, R., & Ross-Nickoll, M. (2020). A
“plan bee” for cities: Pollinator diversity and plant-pollinator
interactions in urban green spaces. PLoS ONE , 15(7): e0235492.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.023 5492
Dehling, D. M., Jordano, P., Schaefer, H. M., Böhning-Gaese, K., &
Schleuning, M. (2016). Morphology predicts species’ functional roles and
their degree of specialization in plant-frugivore interactions.
Proceedings. Biological Sciences , 283(1823), 20152444.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.2444
Dormann, C. F., Fründ, J., Blüthgen, N., & Gruber, B. (2009). Indices
graphs and null models: Analyzing bipartite ecological networks.The Open Ecology Journal , 2: 7-24.
https://doi.org/10.2174/1874213000902010007
Duan, Q., Goodale, E., & Quan, R. C. (2014). Bird fruit preferences
match the frequency of fruit colours in tropical Asia. Scientific
Reports , 4: 5627. https://doi.
org/10.1038/srep05627
García, D., Donoso, I., & Rodríguez‐Pérez, J. (2018). Frugivore
biodiversity and complementarity in interaction networks enhance
landscape‐scale seed dispersal function. Functional Ecology ,
32(12): 2742-2752. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365- 2435.13213
Guenat, S., Kunin, W. E., Dougill, A. J., & Dallimer, M. (2019).
Effects of urbanisation and management practices on pollinators in
tropical Africa. Journal of Applied Ecology , 2019, 56: 214-224.
https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13270
Harrison, T., & Winfree, R.
(2015). Urban drivers of plant-pollinator interactions. Functional
Ecology , 2015, 29: 879-888. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.12 486
He, M. Y., Ran, N., Jiang, H.Q., Han, Z. M., Dian, Y. Y., Li, X. X.,
Xie, D., Bowler, P. A., & Wang. H. (2022). Effects of landscape and
local factors on the diversity of flower-visitor groups under an
urbanization gradient, a Case Study in Wuhan, China. Diversity ,
14: 208. https://doi.org/10.3390/d14030208
Jordano, P. (2016). Sampling networks of ecological interactions.Function Ecology , 30: 1883-1893.
https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.12763
Kaiser-Bunbury, C. N., & Blüthgen, N. (2015). Integrating network
ecology with applied conservation: a synthesis and guide to
implementation. AoB Plants , 7: 361-367.
https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plv076
Kiers E T, Palmer T M, Ives A R, Bruno, J. F., & Bronstein, J. L.
(2010). Mutualisms in a changing world: An evolutionary perspective.Ecology Letters , 13: 1459-1474.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01538.x
Li, X. H., Yin, X. M., & He, S. A. (2001). Tree Fruits Eaten by Birds
in Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen in Autumn and Winter.Chinese Journal of Zoology , 36(6): 20-24.
Mackinnon J, & Phillipps K. A
Field Guide to the Birds of China; Hunan Education Press: Changsha,
China, 2000.
Pena, J. C. D. C., Martello, F., Ribeiro, M. C., Armitage, R. A., Young,
R. J., & Rodrigues, M. (2017). Street trees reduce the negative effects
of urbanization on birds. PLoS One , 12: e0174484.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0174484
Pigot, A. L., Bregman, T., Sheard, C., Daly, B., Etienne, R. S., &
Tobias, J. A. (2016). Quantifying species contributions to ecosystem
processes: a global assessment of functional trait and phylogenetic
metrics across avian seed-dispersal networks. Proceedings of the
Royal Society B: Biological Sciences , 283: 20161597.
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.1597
Plein, M., Längsfeld, L., Neuschulz, E. L., Schultheiß, C., Ingmann, L.,
Töpfer, T., Böhning-Gaese, K., & Schleuning, M. (2013). Constant
properties of plant-frugivore networks despite fluctuations in fruit and
bird communities in space and time. Ecology , 94: 1296-1306.
https://doi.org/10.1890/12-1213.1
Quitián, M., Santillán, V., Espinosa, C. I., Homeier, J.,
Böhning-Gaese, K., Schleuning,
M., & Neuschulz, E. L. (2017).
Elevation-dependent effects of forest fragmentation on plant-bird
interaction networks in the tropical Andes. Ecography , 40: 1-10.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.03247
Ramos-Robles, M., Andresen, E., & Díaz-Castelazo, C. (2016). Temporal
changes in the structure of a plant-frugivore network are influenced by
bird migration and fruit availability. PeerJ , 4: e2048.
https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2048
Rumeu, B., Donoso, I., Rodríguez-Pérez, J., & García, D. (2020).
Frugivore species maintain their structural role in the trophic and
spatial networks of seed dispersal interactions. Journal of Animal
Ecology , 89: 2168-2180. https://doi.org/10. 1111/1365-2656.13281
Saavedra, F., Hensen, I., Beck, S. G., Böhning‑Gaese, K., Lippok, D.,
Töpfer, T., & Schleuning, M. (2014). Functional importance of avian
seed dispersers changes in response to human‑induced forest edges in
tropical seed‑dispersal networks. Oecologia , 176: 837-848.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-014-3056-x
Sakai, S., Metelmann, S., Toquenaga, Y., & Telschow, A. (2016).
Geographical variation in the heterogeneity of mutualistic networks.Royal Society Open Science , 3: 150630.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.150630
Sebastián‐González, E. (2017). Drivers of species’ role in avian
seed-dispersal mutualistic networks. Journal of Animal Ecology ,
86: 878-887. https://doi.org/
10.1111/1365-2656.12686
Sebastián-González, E., Dalsgaard, B., Sandel, B., & Guimarães, P. R.
J. (2015). Macroecological trends in nestedness and modularity of
seed-dispersal networks: human impact matters. Global Ecology and
Biogeography , 24: 293-303. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12270
Schaefer, H. M., Valido, A., & Jordano, P. (2014). Birds see the true
colours of fruits to live off the fat of the land. fruits to live off
the fat of land. Proceedings Royal Society B: Biological
Sciences , 281(1777): 20132516. https://doi.org/10.1111/ ecog.00983
Schleuning, M., Fründ, J., & García, D. (2015). Predicting ecosystem
functions from biodiversity and mutualistic networks: An extension of
trait-based concepts to plant-animal interactions. Ecography , 38:
380-392. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog. 00983
Schneiberg, I., Boscolo, D., Devoto, M., Silva, V. M., Dalmaso, C. A.,
Ribeiro, J. W., Ribeiro, M. C., Guaraldo, A. D. C., Niebuhr, B. B., &
Varassin, I. G. (2020). Urbanization homogenizes the interactions of
plant-frugivore bird networks. Urban Ecosystems , 23(3): 457-470.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-020-00927-1
Silva, F. R. D., Montoya, D., Furtado, R., Memmott, J., Pizo, M. A., &
Rodrigues, R. R. (2015). The restoration of tropical seed dispersal
networks. Restoration Ecology , 23(6): 852-860.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/rec.12244
Tang, W. X., Huang, S. X., Pan, B., Wang, Y., Zhou, T. J., & Jiang, N.
(2009). Study on Introduction and Cultivate of Succulents in Giulin
Botanical Garden. Northern Horticulture , (1): 189-192.
Vaughan, I. P., Gotelli, N. J., Memmott, J., Pearson, C. E., Woodward,
G., & Symondson, W. O. C.
(2018). Econullnetr: An R package using null models to analyse the
structure of ecological networks and identify resource selection.Methods in Ecology and Evolution , 9(3): 728-733.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1 111/2041-210X.12907
Vollstädt, M. G. R., Ferger, S. W., Hemp, A., & Howell, K. M. (2018).
Seed-dispersal networks respond differently to resource effects in open
and forest habitats. Oikos , 127: 847-854.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/oik.04703
Wang, G.H., Yang, Z. X., Chen, P., Tan, W. N., & Lu, C. H. (2019). Seed
dispersal of an endangered Kmeria septentrionalis by frugivorous
birds in a karst habitat. Pakistan Journal of Zoology , 51(3):
1195-1198. http://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journ- al.pjz/2019.51.3.sc5
Yang, S., Albert, R., & Carlo, T. A. (2013). Transience and constancy
of interactions in a plant-frugivore network. Ecosphere , 4: 1-25.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/ES 13-00222.1
Zhang, M., Lu, C. H., Han, Q., & Lu, C. H. (2022). Structure and
Characteristics of Plant-Frugivore Network in an Urban Park: A Case
Study in Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen. Diversity ,
14(2): 71. https://doi.org/10.3390/d140- 20071
Zhao, Z. J. (2001). A Handbook of
the Birds of China; Science and Technology Press: Jilin, China.