Statistical Analysis
All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 25.0 soft-ware
(Chicago, USA). Before comparing, all data sets were first analyzed with
Shapiro–Wilk normality test and considered normally distributed with P
>0.05. All normally distributed values were expressed as
mean ± standard deviation (SD) and were evaluated by Student’s t-test
(two groups) or ANOVA (three or more groups) for the difference. If
variances were homogeneous, then the least significance method was
employed to compare between two groups. Dunnett’s T3 method was used to
compare between two groups if variances were nonhomogeneous.
Non-normally distributed data were presented as median (range) and were
analyzed comparably by Mann–Whitney testing. A two-tailed P-value less
than 0.05 was defined as statistically significant.