REFERENCES
1. Edmundson C, Guidon AC. Neuromuscular Disorders in Pregnancy. Semin
Neurol [Internet]. 2017 Dec 1 [cited 2021 Dec 26];37(6):643–52.
Available from:
http://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/html/10.1055/s-0037-1608785
2. Mota PGF da, Pascoal AGBA, Carita AIAD, Bø K. Prevalence and risk
factors of diastasis recti abdominis from late pregnancy to 6 months
postpartum, and relationship with lumbo-pelvic pain. Man Ther
[Internet]. 2015 Feb 1 [cited 2021 Dec 23];20(1):200–5.
Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25282439/
3. Hodges PW. Is there a role for transversus abdominis in lumbo-pelvic
stability? Man Ther [Internet]. 1999 [cited 2021 Dec
27];4(2):74–86. Available from:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10509061/
4. Rostami M, Noormohammadpour P, Mansournia MA, Hantoushzadeh S,
Farahbakhsh F, Nourian R, et al. Comparison of the Thickness of Lateral
Abdominal Muscles Between Pregnant Women With and Without Low Back Pain.
PM R [Internet]. 2015 May 1 [cited 2021 Dec 23];7(5):474–8.
Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25459655/
5. Joueidi Y, Vieillefosse S, Cardaillac C, Mortier A, Oppenheimer A,
Deffieux X, et al. [Impact of the diastasis of the rectus abdominis
muscles on the pelvic-perineal symptoms: Review of the literature].
Prog Urol [Internet]. 2019 Sep 1 [cited 2021 Dec
27];29(11):544–59. Available from:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31153856/
6. Benjamin DR, Frawley HC, Shields N, van de Water ATM, Taylor NF.
Relationship between diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscle (DRAM) and
musculoskeletal dysfunctions, pain and quality of life: a systematic
review. Physiotherapy [Internet]. 2019 Mar 1 [cited 2021 Dec
27];105(1):24–34. Available from:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30217494/
7. Wang Q, Yu X, Chen G, Sun X, Wang J. Does diastasis recti abdominis
weaken pelvic floor function? A cross-sectional study. Int Urogynecol J
[Internet]. 2020 Feb 1 [cited 2021 Dec 27];31(2):277–83.
Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31197430/
8. Sobhgol SS, Smith CA, Dahlen HG. The effect of antenatal pelvic floor
muscle exercises on labour and birth outcomes: a systematic review and
meta-analysis. Int Urogynecol J [Internet]. 2020 Nov 1 [cited 2021
Dec 27];31(11):2189–203. Available from:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32506232/
9. Qian X, Li P, Shi S, Garfield RE, Liu H. Measurement of Uterine and
Abdominal Muscle Electromyography in Pregnant Women for Estimation of
Expulsive Activities during the 2nd Stage of Labor. Gynecol Obstet
Invest [Internet]. 2019 Nov 1 [cited 2021 Dec 27];84(6):555–61.
Available from: https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/499493
10. National institute for Health and Care excellence. Recommendations
| Intrapartum care for healthy women and babies |
Guidance | NICE. Vol. 1.13.23, National institute for Health
and Care excellence. NICE; 2017.
11. Gilleard WL, Brown JMM. Structure and function of the abdominal
muscles in primigravid subjects during pregnancy and the immediate
postbirth period. Phys Ther [Internet]. 1996 [cited 2021 Dec
28];76(7):750–62. Available from:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8677279/
12. Oliveira BDR, Andrade AD de, Lemos A, Brito VC, Pedrosa ML, Silva
TNS. Abdominal muscle electrical activity during labor expulsive stage:
a cross-sectional study. Brazilian J Phys Ther. 2011;15(6):445–51.
13. Pedersen BK, Febbraio MA. Muscles, exercise and obesity: skeletal
muscle as a secretory organ. Nat Rev Endocrinol [Internet]. 2012 Aug
[cited 2021 Dec 28];8(8):457–65. Available from:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22473333/
14. Aparicio VA, Ocón O, Padilla-Vinuesa C, Soriano-Maldonado A,
Romero-Gallardo L, Borges-Cósic M, et al. Effects of supervised aerobic
and strength training in overweight and grade I obese pregnant women on
maternal and foetal health markers: the GESTAFIT randomized controlled
trial. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth [Internet]. 2016;16(1):290.
Available from:
http://bmcpregnancychildbirth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12884-016-1081-y
15. Schulz KF, Altman DG, Moher D. CONSORT 2010 Statement: updated
guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials. BMJ
[Internet]. 2010 Mar 27 [cited 2021 Dec 23];340(7748):698–702.
Available from: /pmc/articles/PMC2844940/
16. Date ED. Committee opinion no 611: method for estimating due date.
Obstet Gynecol. 2014;124(4):863–6.
17. Rikli RE, Jones CJ. Development and validation of
criterion-referenced clinically relevant fitness standards for
maintaining physical independence in later years. Gerontologist.
2013;53(2):255–67.
18. Kaufmann RL, Reiner CS, Dietz UA, Clavien PA, Vonlanthen R, Käser
SA. Normal width of the linea alba, prevalence, and risk factors for
diastasis recti abdominis in adults, a cross-sectional study. Hernia
[Internet]. 2021 [cited 2021 Dec 26]; Available from:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34609664/
19. Sperstad JB, Tennfjord MK, Hilde G, Ellström-Engh M, Bø K. Diastasis
recti abdominis during pregnancy and 12 months after childbirth:
prevalence, risk factors and report of lumbopelvic pain. Br J Sports Med
[Internet]. 2016 Sep 1 [cited 2021 Dec 26];50(17):1092.
Available from: /pmc/articles/PMC5013086/
20. Baena-García L, Ocón-Hernández O, Acosta-Manzano P, Coll-Risco I,
Borges-Cosic M, Romero-Gallardo L, et al. Association of sedentary time
and physical activity during pregnancy with maternal and neonatal birth
outcomes. The GESTAFIT Project. Scand J Med Sci Sports [Internet].
2018 Nov 19 [cited 2018 Nov 28];29(3):407–14. Available from:
http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/sms.13337
21. Xu WM, Yang Q, Wang DG. [Blood gas and acid-base equilibrium in
normal pregnancy and pregnancy with fetal distress by vaginal delivery
or cesarean section]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi [Internet]. 1994
[cited 2022 Jan 31];29(4). Available from:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8082444/
22. Parmigiani S, Gianotti D, Pezzoni S, Corradi M, Bevilacqua G.
Evaluation of normal values of reactive oxygen species and total
antioxidant defenses on cord blood of full-term healthy infants with a
bedside method. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med [Internet]. 2011 Aug
[cited 2022 Jan 31];24(8):1065–70. Available from:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21303216/
23. Baena-García L, Coll-Risco I, Ocón-Hernández O, Romero-Gallardo L,
Acosta-Manzano P, May L, et al. Association of objectively measured
physical fitness during pregnancy with maternal and neonatal outcomes.
The Gestafit project. PLoS One. 2020;15(2):1–18.
24. Mendes DDA, Nahas FX, Veiga DF, Mendes FV, Figueiras RG, Gomes HC,
et al. Ultrasonography for measuring rectus abdominis muscles diastasis.
Acta Cirúrgica Bras [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2021 Dec
28];22(3):182–6. Available from:
http://www.scielo.br/j/acb/a/dTpgvTBpFvX76TqZsKrGcnB/?lang=en
25. Gilleard WL, Brown JMM. Structure and function of the abdominal
muscles in primigravid subjects during pregnancy and the immediate
postbirth period. Phys Ther [Internet]. 1996 [cited 2022 Jan
7];76(7):750–62. Available from:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8677279/
26. Davies GA, Wolfe LA, Mottola MF, MacKinnon C; Society of
Obstetricians and gynecologists of Canada SCPOCJS. Joint SOGC/CSEP
clinical practice guideline: exercise in pregnancy and the postpartum
period. Can J Appl Physiol. 2003;28(3):330–41.
27. Laughon SK, Berghella V, Reddy UM, Sundaram R, Lu Z, Hoffman MK.
Neonatal and maternal outcomes with prolonged second stage of labor. In:
Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2014. p. 57–67.
28. Armstrong L, Stenson BJ. Use of umbilical cord blood gas analysis in
the assessment of the newborn. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed.
2007;92(4):430–4.
29. Johnson JWC, Richards DS, Cook WA, Hopwood HG, Devoe LD. The
etiology of fetal acidosis as determined by umbilical cord acid- base
studies. In: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1997. p.
274–82.
30. Hagelin A, Leyon J. The effect of labor on the acid-base status of
the newborn. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1998;77(8):841–4.
31. Szabó MR, Pipicz M, Csont T, Csonka C. Modulatory Effect of Myokines
on Reactive Oxygen Species in Ischemia/Reperfusion. Int J Mol Sci
[Internet]. 2020 Dec 2 [cited 2021 Dec 28];21(24):1–26.
Available from: /pmc/articles/PMC7763329/
32. Powers SK. Exercise: Teaching myocytes new tricks [Internet].
Vol. 123, Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985). 2017
[cited 2022 Jan 7]. p. 460–72. Available from:
https://journals.physiology.org/doi/abs/10.1152/japplphysiol.00418.2017
33. Dubé C, Aguer C, Adamo K, Bainbridge S. A role for maternally
derived myokines to optimize placental function and fetal growth across
gestation [Internet]. Vol. 42, Applied Physiology, Nutrition and
Metabolism. Canadian Science Publishing; 2017 [cited 2022 Jan 7]. p.
459–69. Available from:
https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/abs/10.1139/apnm-2016-0446
34. Kaufmann RL, Reiner CS, Dietz UA, Clavien PA, Vonlanthen R, Käser
SA. Normal width of the linea alba, prevalence, and risk factors for
diastasis recti abdominis in adults, a cross-sectional study. Hernia
[Internet]. 2021 Oct 5 [cited 2021 Dec 26]; Available from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34609664
35. Mota P, Pascoal AG, Carita AI, Bø K. Normal width of the inter-recti
distance in pregnant and postpartum primiparous women. Musculoskelet Sci
Pract [Internet]. 2018 Jun 1 [cited 2022 Jan 7];35:34–7.
Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29494833/