Study Year number Gestation age(weeks) Gestation age(weeks) intervention Outcomes
caffeine theophylline
Iranpour 2022 45/45 31.37 (1.55) 31.50 (1.50) The initial loading dose of 10 mg/kg and a daily dose of 10 mg/kg of caffeine was used after birth, as the daily maintenance dose until the infants tolerated without respiratory support with NCPAP or free oxygen administration ①⑤⑥⑦⑧
Elmowafi 2021 90/91 28.6 ± 2.1 28.8 ± 1.8 Received intravenous caffeine citrate within the first 72 h of life before the existence of AOP or the need for MV. Caffeine citrate was given as a loading dose of 20 mg/kg/day and a maintenance dose of 10 mg/kg/day. ①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨
Chen K
2020
26/30
30.44±1.09
29.91±1.29
intravenous infusion of 20 mg/kg caffeine citrate each time within 8-12 hours after birth, Intravenous infusion at a dose of 5 mg/kg per day was given after 24 hours; the maintenance dose was increased to 10 mg/kg in the presence of persistent AOP
②④
Fakoor 2019 50/50 29.04 ± 1.30 29.38 ± 1.0 20 mg/kg of venous caffeine was injected to Group A in the 2nd day of birth (24-48 h),Then, a maintenance dose was injected 24 h after the first injection with the daily dose of 5 mg/kg. ⑤⑧⑨
Ke H 2018 539/557 29.7±4.5 30.1±3.9 Give caffeine citrate immediately after admission, the first dose was 20mg/kg intravenously for 30min, and the maintenance dose was 10mg/(kg·d) 24h late ②③④⑥⑦
Amaro 2018 41/42 25.7 (24.3-27.0) 26.1 (24.2-28.4) a loading dose of caffeine citrate 20 mg/kg from 24h after birth followed by a maintenance dose of 5 mg/kg/day. ②③④⑨
Zhao Y 2017 66/66 29.15±1.67 29.67±1.65 intravenously for 30min from 24h after birth, the first dose was 20mg/kg, and maintained at 5mg/kg 24h later, every 24H1, until the gestational age reached 34 weeks ①④⑤⑦
Zhao Z 2017 65/61 31.4±2.7 31.9±2.5 Caffeine citrate was administered immediately after birth (all doses were administered within 2h after birth). The first load dose was 20mg/kg, pumped intravenously at 30min, and the maintenance dose was 5mg/kg intravenously at 24h ①②③④⑥⑦⑧⑨
Armanian 2016 26/26 28.7±1.95 28.57±2.06 caffeine 20 mg/kg (intravenously (IV)) was administered as the initial dose on the 1st day of life, and then 5 mg/kg (intravenously) daily was used as the maintenance dose for the first 10 days of life ①④⑦⑧⑨
Davis 2010 233/220 27.3(1.84) 27.8(1.76) A loading dose of 20 mg of caffeine citrate per kilogram of body weight from 24h after birth was followed by a daily maintenance dose of 5 mg/kg ②⑤⑨
Schmidt 2006 1006/1000 27±2 27±2 loading dose of either 20 mg of caffeine citrate per kilogram of body weight from 24h after birth and followed by a daily maintenance dose of 5 mg per kilogram ④⑤⑥