Patient characteristics
A total of 72 patients were diagnosed with NECC in our department between 2009 and 2022. Eleven patients not subjected to surgery and two patients without detailed follow-up data were excluded. The remaining 58 patients were considered eligible for our study. We divided patients into two groups based on their histological subtypes. The pure group demonstrated only one histological subtype, while the mixed group showed two or more histological subtypes. A schematic diagram of patients is shown in Figure.1.
A total of 31 patients (53.4%) were included in the pure group, and 27 patients (46.6%) were included in the mixed group. In the mixed group, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (AC) were the most common types. Furthermore, in this group, seven patients showed three different histological types. The pathological results are shown in figure 2.
The clinicopathological characteristics of all patients are shown in Table 1. The median follow-up period was 39.5 months (range, 8.4–70.6). A total of 44 patients (75.9%) and 14 patients (24.1%) showed tumor sizes of ≤4 cm and>4 cm, respectively. Among them, 5 (8.6%), 37 (63.8%), 13 (22.4%), and 3 (5.2%) patients did not receive adjuvant therapy, received both chemotherapy and radiotherapy, received only chemotherapy, and received only radiotherapy, respectively. A total of 33 (56.9%), 18 (31.0%), and 7 (12.1%) patients underwent laparoscopic surgery, robotic surgery, and open surgery, respectively. The postoperative pathological results showed that lymph node metastasis was present in 17 patients. Furthermore, 6, 27, 7, and 4 patients showed uterus invasion, lymph-vascular space invasion (LVSI), perineural invasion, and parametrium invasion, respectively. Meanwhile, 2 patients showed positive surgical margins, and 46 patients showed more than 1/3 of deep stromal invasion.