Conclusion
In this study, the reactive extraction of HGA by Ph3PO was examined. The highest extraction efficiency of 86 % was achieved by Ph3PO in the presence of isobutanol. Methyl ethyl ketone gave 84 % extraction efficiency. A remarkable improvement was achieved by oleyl alcohol and dimethyl adipate. The physical extraction efficiencies with oleyl alcohol and dimethyl adipate alone were 23 and 21 %, respectively. Whereas, their extraction efficiencies reached up to 61 and 76 % in the presence of 44 % Ph3PO concentration by volume in the organic phase, respectively. The loading factor values were less than 0.5, proving the 1-1 acid-extractant complexation. The acid-extractant complex formations were also examined by equilibrium constant (KE) values. The necessary number of theoretical units to design an extraction column was found to be between 2 and 4. From the thermodynamic study results, this examined reactive extraction process was revealed to be spontaneous, exothermic and feasible in nature. In this work, we presented the Gradient Boosting algorithm, which comprises a systematic strategy for building forecasting committees. The use of this algorithm in chemical engineering prediction problems is still quite recent, but the results presented in this work are encouraging.