Quality Assessment
The nine of the included studies[22-30] were
assessed for methodological quality using The Joanna Briggs Institute
(JBI)[21]. Of them, one
study[22] was assessed using the JBI Critical
Appraisal Checklist for Cohort Studies[21], and
the checklist contained a total of 11 assessment criteria (Table 2).
Five studies[23,25,26,28,30] were evaluated by the
JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional
Studies[21], and the checklist contained 8
assessment criteria (Table 3). Three
studies[24,27,29] were evaluated through the JBI
Critical Appraisal Checklist for Prevalence
Studies[21], and the checklist contained 9
assessment criteria (Table 4). Every criterion was given a rating of
‘yes’, ‘no’, ‘unclear’, or ‘not applicable’, and the overall scores in
each study were the percentage of the number of ‘yes’ in the number of
assessment criteria in each checklist. The percentage of overall scores
in each study ranged from 78%[24,29] to
100%[23,25,26,28]. The higher of the percentage
was meant that the better the quality of each study. Finally, no studies
were excluded based solely on the assessment of methodological quality.