* Median, ** Range, NS: Not stated
For instance, Hanna et al. reported a study of 2 pediatric patients with
IgAN presenting with microscopic hematuria less than 24 hrs after
receiving the BioNTech-Pfizer vaccine. The authors found a 13-year-old
male patient had a history of IgAN and type 1 diabetes, whereas the
other male patient in this study was found healthy with no medical
history before receiving the vaccine (28). Children and adolescents’
clinical cardiac symptoms are also demonstrated in Table 3. It included
the abnormal EKG and echocardiogram, abnormal cardiac MRI findings
including pericardial effusion, and high troponin levels. It is worth
noting that troponin levels were elevated in 35% of patients (23,
25-27). However, no testing showed pericardial effusion. The most common
EKG result was ST elevation. Marshall et al. reported atrioventricular
dissociation with junctional escape rhythm, T-wave abnormality, and
sinus bradycardia(23). Moreover, Tano et al. found in their study that
among patients who had EKG, 2 had RP depression, 1 had abnormal
waves, and 1 had ST depression and conduction delay(25). The abnormal
echocardiogram outcomes were included in 3 studies (23, 26, 27). For
instance, Marshall et al. reported in their study that only one patient
had mildly depressed RV and LV systolic function (LVEF 47%) and basal
lateral and posterior strain (23). Ejection fraction was reported
by Schauer et al. (26) and Tano et al. (25) for 13 and 8 patients,
respectively. Moeller et al. reported the psychological symptoms of
children and adolescents after having the BioNTech-Pfizer vaccine(24).
Their study included 33 pediatric patients, 3 of them had anxiety, 3 had
attention deficit or hyperactivity, 4 had disruptive mood dysregulation
disorder, and 18 of them had a major depressive disorder or suicidal
ideation.
Table 3. Clinical Signs and Symptoms on Children and
Adolescents After BioNTech-Pfizer COVID-19 Vaccine