Phytochemical |
Therapy Regime |
Model System |
Mechanism of action |
Reference |
Apigenin+5-Fluorouracil
Apigenin+Cisplatin
|
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy
|
SCC25
SCC25
|
Synergistic effect, ↑Apoptosis, ↑iROS, ↑ TNF-R, ↑TRAIL-R, ↑Bcl-2,
↓Glutathione, induce cell cycle arrest in G2M phase.
No synergistic effect, ┴ GLUT-1 & P AKT.
|
(Chan et al., 2012)
(Xu et al., 2014)
|
Betulinicacid+Radiation |
Radiation |
HNSCC: SCC9, SCC25 |
┴cell
survival, Act as radiosensitizer, ↓clonogenic survival. |
(Eder-Czembirek et al., 2010) |
CAPE+5 Fluorouracil |
Chemotherapy |
TW2.6 |
┴proliferation, Additive
effect, ┴Akt |
(Kuo et al., 2015) |
Curcumin+Radiation
Curcumin+Cisplatin
Curcumin+5FU/Doxorubicin/Cisplatin.
|
Radiation
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy
|
SCC-1, SCC-9, In-vivo.
CAL-27, UM-
SCC1
NT8e.
|
Radioenhancer, Additive effect, ┴growth, ↓COX2.
Additive effect, ┴ IKKβ protein.
Synergistic effect, ┴Growth, ↑apoptosis, ↓EGFR-ERK1.
|
(Khafif et al., 2009)
(Duarte et al., 2010)
(Sivanantham et al., 2016)
|
EGCG+Luteolin
EGCG+Erlotinib
EGCG+Cisplatin
|
Combination of phytochemi
-cals
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy
|
Tu 212, Tu 686, 686 LN, 886 LN, In-vivo.
HNSC CSCs (K3, K4, K5), In-vivo.
Tu 686, Tu 212.
|
Synergistic/additive effect, ┴growth, ↑apoptosis, ↓ki-67.
┴tumor growth, ↓Oct 4, ↓Sox-2, ↓Nanog, ↓CD44.
↑apoptosis, ┴phosphorylation of Bim.
|
(Amin et al., 2010)
(Lee et al., 2013)
(Haque et al., 2015)
|
Honokiol+Paclitaxel
Honokiol+Taxol
Honokiol+ Cisplatin
Honokiol+ Radiation
|
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy
Radiation
|
KB-8-5, KB-C1, KB-V1, KB-3-1, In-vivo.
MDR SCCHN: KB-8-5, KB-V1 & KB-C1.
SAS, OECM-1, GNM, SG.
Tu212, Tu686, PCI-15A, JHU-022.
|
Synergistic effect, ↑apoptosis, ┴growth, ↑caspase 3, ↑PARP, ↑cytochrome
c, ↓Survivin, ↓EGFR-STAT3, ↓P-ERK, ↓P-Akt, ↓Ki67.
↓ P-glycoprotein, synergistic effect, arrest cell cycle, induce
apoptosis, ┴PI3K/Akt/Mcl-1.
↓colony formation, ┴invasion, ┴migration, chemosensitizing effect with
cisplatin, ↓ALDH1, ↓CD44, ↓IL-6, ↓P-STAT 3.
↓ Survivin, ↑cytotoxicity, ↑DNA damage, induce apoptosis.
|
(Wang et al., 2014)
(Wang et al., 2007).
(Chang et al., 2018)
(Wang et al., 2018).
|
BITC+Cisplatin |
Chemotherapy |
HN12, HN8, HN30 |
↑apoptosis, ┴invasion,
┴migration, ↓viability, Sensitize cells to cisplatin, ┴EMT, ↓vimentin. |
(Wolf et al., 2014) |
Sulforaphane+Radiation.
Sulforaphane +PDT
|
Radiation therapy
Photodynamic therapy
|
SCC-9, SCC-25, CAL-27, FaDu.
AMC-HN3.
|
Synergistic effect, Radiosensitizer, ↓proliferation, ↓clonogenic
survival, ↓Akt, ↓Mcl-1.
↑apoptosis, ↑necrosis ↓viability, Synergistic effect, ↑ROS,
↑caspase3,8,9, ↑PARP
|
(Kotowski et al., 2011)
(Lee et al., 2015b)
|
Lupeol+Cisplatin |
Chemotherapy |
Tu 159, MDA1986, Hs677.Tg, CAL27,
In-vivo. |
Synergistic effect, ↓metastasis, ↓NF-KB, ↓tumor
volume. |
(Lee et al., 2007) |
Luteolin+ Paclitaxel |
Chemotherapy |
SCC-4, In-vivo xenograft
nude mice. |
Synergistic effect, ↑apoptosis ↓CDKs, ↓cyclins, ↓p-Rb,
↑Caspase 3,9, ↑cleaved PARP. |
(Yang et al., 2008) |
Lycopene+Curcumin+ Radiation
|
Combination of phytochemi
cal, & Radiation
|
PE/CA-PJ15
|
Synergistic effect with curcumin & Radiation, ↑apoptosis, ↓viability,
↓migration capacity.
|
(Camacho-Alonso et al., 2013)
|
Querceitin+Cisplatin
Querceitin+Cisplatin
|
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy
|
Hep2
SCC25 (OSCC)
|
Synergistic effect, ↑apoptosis, ↓Bcl-2 and ↓Bcl-XL, ↓Cu-Zn SOD, ↑ROS,
┴Akt/PKB phosphorylation.
Additive effect, ↑apoptosis, ┴ p-Hsp-27, ↑p38 MAPK in DRSPs.
|
(Sharma et al., 2005)
(Chen et al., 2012b)
|
Resveratrol+Paclitaxel
Resveratrol+Radiation
Resveratrol+Etopside
Resveratrol+Grape Seed Extract (GSE).
Resveratrol+Taxol.
|
Chemotherapy
Radiation therapy
Chemotherapy
Combination of Phytochm
-icals
Chemotherapy
|
CNE 2.
FaDu, In-vivo.
SCC25, CAL27 & FaDu.
In-vivo: NQO induce tumoriogene -sis model.
Hep-2
|
Synergistic effect, ↓HIF1-α, ↓mdr1, ↓MRP1.
Synergistic effect, Radiosensitizing effects, ↓MVD in tumor, ┴tumor
growth.
Synergistic effect, ┴growth.
↑apoptosis, ↑autophagy, ↓proliferation, ↑AMPK-P, ↓p62.
┴proliferation, ↑apoptosis, ↑Bax, ↑PARP, ↑TRIB3, ↑Caspase 3, 8, ↓Bcl-2,
↓XIAP.
|
(Quan et al., 2009)
(Quan et al., 2014)
(Heiduschka et al., 2014)
(Shrotriya et al., 2015)
(Lu et al., 2016)
|
SalB+ Celecoxib. |
Chemotherapy |
JHU-013, JHU-022, JHU-06, JHU-011. |
Antiproliferative, ↑apoptosis, ↓tumor growth. |
(Zhao et al.,
2010) |
Thymoquinone+ CDDP
Thymoquinone+Cisplatin+Radiation
|
Chemotherapy
Combination of phytochem
-icals &
Radiation therapy
|
UMSCC-14C, OEC.
HNSCC: SCC25, CAL25
|
Synergistic effect, ↑apoptosis, ↑p53, ↑Caspase 9, ↓Bcl-2.
┴proliferation, ┴clonogenic survivial, Radiosensitizer, Synergistic
effect with radiation.
|
(Alaufi et al., 2017)
(Kotowski et al., 2017)
|