\(\%Yield=\frac{Dry\ Weight\ of\ Treated\ Red\ Spinach-Dry\ Weight\ of\ Control\ Red\ Spinach}{Dry\ Weight\ of\ Control\ Red\ Spinach}\cdot100\%\)

In Equation (1), control red spinach samples only contained the Starxgrow Nitrosol Liquid Fertilizer with no additional compounds. However, the treated red spinach samples (mono- compounds and combinations) contained both the Starxgrow Nitrosol Liquid Fertilizer and additional compounds. The difference in dry weight between a treated and control spinach divided by the dry weight of control red spinach indicates the percent change in dry weight as a result of the treatment (%Yield).
WisDM Green optimization utilized a set of curated combinations according to a Resolution IV 59-combination OACD, which was generated by combining a 32-combination Resolution IV two-level fractional factorial and a 27-combination three-level orthogonal array \cite{Xu_2013,Lim_2019}. The %Yield of all 59 OACD combinations (N = 3) were calculated. WisDM Green correlated all 59 OACD combinations and their respective average experimentally measured %Yield into a second order quadratic series as shown in Equation (2):