Study design and population
This prospective, single-center study was conducted in the Second Xiangya hospital, Hunan, China from December 2020 to May 2021 (known as COVID-19 post-pandemic). Patients who attended gynecological outpatient department or were transferred to colposcopy examination, both with abnormal cytology results of ASCUS, LSIL or atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H) within three months were enrolled in our study. The exclusion criteria were elucidated in Figure1. Informed written consents were obtained from all the participants. Age, menstruation status, present medical history and HPV results of each patient were collected. Pathological results were referred as the golden standard.