2.1 Search strategy and study selection
An all-round search was conducted in Pubmed, Medline, Cochrane, Clinicaltrials.gov from inception through December 2021 by two reviewers (Shuyu Jin and Yumei Xue) independently. The search involved the following key words: ("Atrial fibrillation"OR AF) AND ("High power"OR"High-power shorter-duration"OR HPSD).