Figure 3. Population structure analysis of 3,820 neutral and 24 outlier SNPs for the intertidal gastropod Nucella lapillus in the UK and Ireland. (A) Heatmap based on pairwise FST values across sampling sites (neutral SNPs = below diagonal; outlier SNPs = above diagonal). Non-significant pairwise comparisons are indicated with a black dot (P>0.001). The distribution of population structure for K=5 (D) and K=11 (B) neutral genetic clusters, and K=7 (E) and K=8 (C) adaptive genetic clusters identified using TESS3 (B-C), and DAPC (D-E). Online version in colour.