4.3.1.1. Remdesivir
It is a broad-spectrum antiviral drug. It is also referred to as GS-5734 . This drug is studied in great detail and is the most widely used drug ever since the pandemic began. Since the start of the pandemic, this particular drug name has been discussed in great detail. It is an adenosine triphosphate (ATP) analog and a prodrug of Remdesivir triphosphate (RDV-TP) that acts as an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor that inhibits the proliferation of the virus. After entry into the host cell, the Remdesivir undergoes cleavage to form the adenosine monophosphate analog and undergoes phosphorylation giving rise to RDV-TP which resembles ATP. There is competition between RDV and ATP, and RDV-TP gets incorporated into the growing chain thereby causing premature termination of viral RNA transcription . The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on May 1, 2020, declared that Remdesivir could be used for the emergency treatment of hospitalized COVID-19 patients .