References
[1] Burgio GR, Ugazio AG, Nespoli L, Marcioni AF, Bottelli AM, Pasquali F. Derangements of immunoglobulin levels, phytohemagglutinin responsiveness and T and B cell markers in Down’s syndrome at different ages. Eur J Immunol. 1975 Sep;5(9):600–3.
[2] Ram G, Chinen J. Infections and immunodeficiency in Down syndrome. Clin Exp Immunol. 2011Apr; 164 (1) :9–16.
[3] Galati DF, Sullivan KD, Pham AT, Espinosa JM, Pearson CG. Trisomy 21represses cilia formation and function. Dev Cell. Dev Cell. 2018 Sep 10; 46(5): 641–650.e6.
[4] Annerén G, Magnusson CG, Lilja G, Nordvall SL. Abnormal serum IgG subclass pattern in children with Down’s syndrome. Arch Dis Child. 1992 May;67(5):628–31.
[5] Loh RK, Harth SC, Thong YH, Ferrante A. Immunoglobulin G subclass deficiency and predisposition to infection in Down’s syndrome. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1990 Aug;9(8):547–51
[6] Buckley RH. Immunoglobulin G subclass deficiency: fact or fancy? Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2002 Sep;2(5):356–60.
[7] Pavone P, Falsaperla R, De Silva K, Taibi R, Verrotti A, Trifiletti RR, et al. Down syndrome and arterial ischemic stroke in childhood: a potential immunologic link with selective IgG4 subclass deficiency. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2014 Jul;18(4):520–5.
[8] Cataldo F, Paternostro D. [IgG subclasses and their clinical significance]. Minerva Pediatr. 1990 Dec;42(12):509–14.
[9] Ogawa, T., Tarkowski, A. and McGhee, M.L. Analysis of human IgG and IgA subclass antibody secreting cells from localized inflammatory tissue. J. lmmunol., 19891; 142: 1150-1158.
[10] Teale JM, Abraham KM. The regulation of antibody class expression. Immunol Today. 1987;8(4):122–6.
[11] de Moraes Lui C, Oliveira LC, Diogo CL, Kirschfink M, Grumach AS. Immunoglobulin G subclass concentrations and infections in children and adolescents with severe asthma. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2002;13(3):195-202.
[12] Soderstrom T, Soderstrom R, Avanzini A, Brandtzaeg P, Karlsson G, Hanson LA. Immunoglobulin G subclass deficiencies. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol. 1987;82(3-4):476-80.
[13] BAYRAM RO, ÖZDEMIR H, EMSEN A, TÜRK DAĞI H, ARTAÇ H. Reference ranges for serum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, and IgM) and IgG subclass levels in healthy children. Turk J Med Sci. 2019 Apr 18;49(2):497–505.
[14] Brusco, A., Saviozzi, S., Cinque, F., DeMarchi, M., Boccazzi, C., de Lange, G., van Leeuwen, A.M., Carbonara, A.O. Molecular characterization of immunoglobulin G4 gene isoallotypes. Eur. J. Immunogenet. 1998 Oct;25(5):349-55
[15] Pan Q, Hammarström L. Molecular basis of IgG subclass deficiency. Immunol Rev. 2000 Dec;178:99–110.
[16] Olsson PG, Rabbani H, Hammarstrom L, Smith CI. Novel human immunoglobulin heavy chain constant region gene deletion haplotypes characterized by pulsed-field electrophoresis. Clin Exp Immunol. 1993;94(1):84-90.
[17] Zhao Y, Pan-Hammarstrom Q, Zhao Z, Wen S, Hammarstrom L. Selective IgG2 deficiency due to a point mutation causing abnormal splicing of the Cgamma2 gene. Int Immunol. 2005;17(1):95-101.
[18] Bottaro A, DeMarchi M, DeLange GG, Boccazzi C, Fubini L, Borra C, et al. Human IGHC locus restriction fragment length polymorphisms in IgG4 deficiency: evidence for a structural IGHC defect. Eur J Immunol. 1989 Nov;19(11):2159–62.
[19] Gallina R, Bottaro A, Boccazzi C, DeLange G, Danese P, Mazzola G, et al. The genetics of IgG4 deficiency: role of the immunoglobulin heavy chain constant region and HLA loci. Eur J Immunol. 1992 Jan;22(1):227–33.
[20] National Center for Biotechnology Information. ClinVar; [VCV000147836.1], https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/VCV000147836. 2020 Sept; 18.