CMR protocol
All CMR examinations were performed on a 3T MR scanner (MAGNETOM Skyra, Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany) with a 18-channel phased-array body coil at the anterior combined with the spine coil at the posterior. All images were acquired under the electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated breath-hold condition. All patients were scanned with the same protocol. The protocol consisted of stacks of balanced steady-state free-precession (b-SSFP) cine images acquired in the three long-axis (two-, three-, and four-chamber) views and consecutive short-axis views covering the left ventricle from base to apex (TR/TE 3.4 ms /1.3 ms, flip angle 50°, FOV 300 × 340 mm2, matrix size 256 × 144, slice thickness 8 mm with a 2-mm gap, average temporal resolution 44.8 ms, scan time 14-22 heart beats per slice). LGE images were acquired using a segmented T1-weighted phase-sensitive inversion recovery (PSIR) SSFP sequence 10 to 15 min after bolus contrast injection (gadolinium-DTPA, 0.2 mmol/kg, Magnevist, Schering, Berlin, Germany) in the same planes as the short-axis cine images. Consecutive body-axial LGE images, covering the whole heart from the pulmonary bifurcation to just below the diaphragm, were also obtained.