(Source: Andreoli et al., 2001)
Monitoring plan is useful instruments to control and assess the efficacy of the entire sludge disposal operation. A plan allows to:
The parties involved, such as the environmental agency, the entrepreneur, other governmental and departmental agencies, and the community, should all establish their monitoring responsibilities. Furthermore, monitoring efficacy necessitates a strategy that identifies impacts, indicators, and parameters, as well as sample frequencies, sampling sites, and analytical procedures that result in comparable and publishable data.
Conclusion
Sludge is an inevitable byproduct of wastewater treatment purification system. This review summarized the challenges and technology related to sludge management, including sludge disposal. Around the world’s most developed economies, the usage of sewage sludge is mostly focused as an energy source to help their CO2 emission reduction policies. However, one thing where everyone agrees on is that Sewage sludge management should be geared toward the sustainable use and circulation of nutrients in the environment, sewage sludge processing, restricting storage, and landfilling. One technique of management is to employ sewage sludges as components in the production of biofortified organic fertilizers or soil substitutes. Although technical improvements have increased our ability to treat sludges efficiently, this does not guarantee that their harmful components have been eliminated. As with every technology, there are advantages and disadvantages. However, when considering the characteristics of the circular economy, it is undeniably a great option for sewage sludge. Wastewater treatment facilities must choose suitable technologies based on the local context, market, and regulatory concerns in order to create ”product” rather than ”waste.”