Study Population
The study population included 661 subjects with the diagnosis of BPD. The majority of children were male (59.8%), with non-white children making up 43% of the study population. The mean gestational age was 26.3 ± 2.4 (mean ± SD) weeks and the mean birthweight was 884 ± 376 grams (Table 1 ). Most children (61.5%) had severe BPD and 12.6% had a history of pulmonary hypertension. Approximately half (50.9%) of the children were discharged from the NICU to home on supplemental oxygen.
Of the 661 subjects in the study population, 61 (9.2%) were discharged from the NICU on an ICS, 138 (20.9%) were initiated on an ICS as an outpatient, and 462 (69.9%) had not received any ICS therapy as an outpatient, at the conclusion of their first pediatric pulmonary outpatient visit (Table 2 ). Of note, for the 138 subjects who were initiated on ICS therapy as outpatients, 92 (66.7%) were initiated by a non-pulmonologist provider prior to the first pulmonary clinic visit, whereas 46 (33.3%) were initiated by a pulmonologist at completion of the first pulmonary clinic visit.