Oxidative stress and fibrosis
There is a linkage between the enhancement of expression of genes encoding profibrotic such as TGF-1β and iron and the iron-mediated generation of ROS(37, 38). TGF-β, as an inflammatory cytokine, can induce inflammatory changes and fibrotic in different organs(39). Changes in iron metabolism have some roles in developing fibrosis and chronic inflammation(40). Liver in the humans and animal models are great examples of the linkages between tissue fibrosis and upregulation of TGF-β and iron(41). The kidney and the heart are other possible organs that iron may play a role in tissue fibrosis and TGF-β upregulation(42, 43). Additionally, the vital effect of TGF-β in the growth of endometriosis has been found in both in vivo and in vitro studies(44).