Age, years |
64 (39-78) |
57 (50-67) |
52 (40-63) |
0.017 |
0.182 |
<0.01 |
0.014 |
Male sex, n |
31 (56.4%) |
32 (58.2%) |
53 (58.9%) |
0.956 |
0.848 |
0.766 |
0.933 |
Comorbidities, n
None
Hypertension
COPD/asthma
Overweight/obesity
Active smoking
Diabetes
Cancer
Others
|
15 (27.3%)
27 (49.1%)
12 (21.8%)
8 (14.5%)
12 (21.8%)
8 (14.5%)
5 (9.1%)
11 (20.0%)
|
23 (41.8%)
13 (23.6%)
6 (10.9%)
8 (14.5%)
2 (3.6%)
6 (10.9%)
5 (9.1%)
19 (34.5%)
|
49 (54.4%)
16 (17.8%)
15 (16.7%)
11 (12.2%)
9 (10.0%)
5 (5.6%)
7 (7.8%)
16 (17.8%)
|
<0.01
<0.01
0.306
0.892
0.010
0.186
0.947
0.080
|
0.110
<0.01
0.124
0.999
<0.01
0.569
0.999
0.164
|
<0.01
<0.01
0.441
0.689
0.051
0.067
0.781
0.515
|
0.141
0.394
0.341
0.689
0.162
0.239
0.781
0.028
|
Time from COVID-19 onset to diagnostic swab, days |
3 (2-5) |
5
(3-9) |
5 (3-10) |
0.011 |
0.012 |
0.014 |
0.949 |
Number of signs and symptoms at diagnosis, n |
4 (2-6) |
3
(2-4) |
3 (2-4) |
<0.01 |
0.126 |
0.038 |
0.888 |
Hospital admissions, n |
41 (74.5%) |
35 (63.6%) |
51
(56.7%) |
0.096 |
0.218 |
0.031 |
0.409 |
Worst oxygen support, n
None
Low-flow wall oxygen to reservoir
CPAP
Intubation
|
24 (43.6%)
20 (36.4%)
7 (12.7%)
4 (7.3%)
|
28 (50.9%)
11 (20.0%)
11 (20.0%)
5 (9.1%)
|
47 (52.2%)
29 (32.2%)
11 (12.2%)
3 (3.3%)
|
0.495
|
0.923
|
0.280
|
0.377
|
Outcomes, n
Complete recovery
Sequelae
Death
|
16 (29.1%)
19 (34.5%)
20 (36.4%)
|
39 (70.9%)
9 (16.4%)
7 (12.7%)
|
72 (80.0%)
13 (14.4%)
5 (5.6%)
|
<0.01
|
<0.01
|
<0.01
|
0.172
|
Disease severity, n
Home isolation
Hospital admission:
without oxygen support
with low-flow/reservoir
with CPAP
with intubation
Death
|
14 (25.4%)
10 (18.2%)
5 (9.1%)
3 (5.4%)
3 (5.4%)
20 (36.4%)
|
20 (36.4%)
8 (14.5%)
8 (14.5%)
7 (12.7%)
5 (9.1%)
7 (12.7%)
|
39 (43.3%)
8 (8.9%)
26 (28.9%)
10 (11.1%)
2 (2.2%)
5 (5.6%)
|
<0.01
|
0.055
|
<0.01
|
0.176
|
|
A
(n=35)
|
B
(n=48)
|
C
(n=85)
|
p
|
A vs B
|
A vs C
|
B vs C
|
Outcomes among survivors, n
Complete recovery
Sequelae
|
16 (45.7%)
19 (54.3%)
|
39 (81.2%)
9 (18.8%)
|
72 (84.7%)
13 (15.3%)
|
<0.01
|
<0.01
|
<0.01
|
0.608
|
Type of Sequelae, n
Dyspnoea
O/G dysfunction
Chronic cough
Others
|
11 (57.9%)
6 (31.6%)
3 (15.8%)
3 (15.8%)
|
1 (11.1%)
4 (44.4%)
3 (33.3%)
1 (11.1%)
|
9 (69.2%)
3 (23.1%)
1 (7.7%)
2 (15.4%)
|
0.022
0.579
0.294
0.945
|
0.039
0.677
0.352
0.998
|
0.713
0.704
0.264
0.976
|
0.011
0.376
0.264
0.999
|