bird types. Based on mtDNA, the pairwise F st value between Naumann’s thrush and the dusky thrush was 0.051, and the gene flow was high (Nem = 4.68), while the pairwiseF st value between the two species T. naumanni and T. ruficollis was 0.773 or 0.798, and the gene flow was extremely low (Nem = 0.06 and 0.07, respectively) (Table 6a). All pairwise tests between species were significant (P < 0.05). The values ofF st and Nem between the two species suggested that they had significant genetic differentiation.
Based on microsatellite loci, the pairwise F stvalue between Naumann’s thrush and the dusky thrush was 0.012, and the gene flow was very high (Nem = 20.58), while the pairwise F st value between the two speciesT. naumanni and T. ruficollis was 0.056 or 0.074, and the gene flow was also high (Nem = 4.21 and 3.12, respectively) (Table 6b). All pairwise tests between species were significant (P < 0.05). The F stand Nem values between the two species suggested that they had moderate genetic differentiation.
We performed Bayesian clustering with six microsatellite loci using STRUCTURE software (Fig. 5). Submitting the results to the Structure Harvester online software for the best K indicated that the population structure was clearest when K was equal to 4 (Fig S1). However, the STRUCTURE results showed no individual clustering in each bird taxon and no significant differentiation, indicating that the nuclear information of the four bird taxa was mixed.