4. CONCLUSION
This exceptional case constitutes a rare presentation of FMF with co-existing systemic PAN and APSGN. Since FMF is an autoinflammatory disease and streptococcal infections frequently trigger FMF attacks, all three conditions may be preceded by a streptococcal infection. The homozygous M694V mutation in our patient caused an augmented response to streptococcal antigens, leading to APSGN and PAN. This clinical presentation also confirmed the role of GAS in the etiology of systemic PAN.
CONSENT: Written informed consent was obtained from the patient’s parents to publish this report in accordance with the journal’s patient consent policy.
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS: YÖA, BED and SAB were actively involved in the clinical care of the patient and wrote the manuscript.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: The authors wish to thank parents of the child in this case for their cooperation.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST: All authors declare that they have no competing interests.