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\begin{document}

\title{Is ecology different when studied with citizen scientists? A
bibliometric analysis}



\author[1]{Bastien Castagneyrol}%
\author[2]{Baptiste Bedessem}%
\author[2]{Romain Julliard}%
\affil[1]{Universite Bordeaux I}%
\affil[2]{MNHN}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 23, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
Ecology is broad and relies on several complementary approaches to study
the mechanisms driving the distribution and abundance of organisms and
their interactions. One of them is citizen science, the co-production of
scientific data and knowledge by non-professional scientists, in
collaboration with or under the direction of professional scientists.
Citizen science has bloomed in the scientific literature over the last
decade and is being incrasingly popular. We used a bibliometric analysis
to study whether associating the public to ecological research changes
the making of ecology and the nature of questions it asks. We analysed
keywords and abstracts of 41,105 articles published the last ten years,
disentangling CitSci articles (those explicitly referring to citizen
science) and non-CitSci articles. Keyword co-occurrence and thematic map
analyses revealed that CitSci articles primarily focused on biodiversity
and climate change in a more descriptive way than non-CitSci articles
which were more likely to address theoretical questions in ecology.
Roughly, citizen science in ecology addressed patterns, whereas non
participatory research dug further into mechanisms. Biodiversity also
appeared as a more central theme in the CitSci corpus, where it was more
systematically associated with other keywords. Our study indicates that
should the surge of citizen science approaches in ecological scientific
literature have change the type of ecological inquiry, this thematic
change is marginal. Still, we provide evidence that specific research
questions individualized from ecological CitSci thus supporting the view
that citizen science is becoming an independent field of investigation,
and not only a peculiar methodological approach to ecological research.%
\end{abstract}%



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