Patients
In the present study, a total of 104 PCOS patients (PCOS group) and 112
control women (control group) younger than 40 years old who were
undergoing their in-vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm
injection (ICSI) cycles were retrospectively recruited in reproductive
hospital affiliated with Shandong University from 2019 to 2021.To
diagnose the polycystic ovary syndrome, we referred to the modified
Rotterdam criteria11,12, including oligo- or
anovulation combined with either hyperandrogenism or polycystic ovaries.
Other causes of hyperandrogenism and ovulation dysfunction were
excluded. Inclusion criteria for patients in control group were as
follows: normal menstrual cycle, no endocrine abnormalities and normal
ovarian and uterine morphology confirmed by either ultrasound or
histological examination. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee
of Reproductive Medicine of Shandong University with approval number 58,
and signed informed consent was obtained from all participants.