Participants
Participants were part of a larger study examining long-term neurocognitive, social-emotional, and functional outcomes in pediatric brain tumor survivors. Participants were enrolled according to the following eligibility criteria: (1) treated with a single course of PRT or XRT for a primary brain tumor, (2) no evidence of active disease at enrollment, (3) age ≥ 6 years at evaluation, and (4) fluent in English. All participants treated with XRT were treated between 2001 and 2006, while those treated with PRT were treated between 2007 and 2013. The timing defined for the two RT groups differed due to a shift from XRT to PRT as standard of care in 2007 at our institution. Eligible participants for the parent study were identified via medical record review and were approached for enrollment between 2011 and 2018. An 87.3% participation rate was achieved for the study. Patients who declined participation did not significantly differ from enrolled participants based on RT type, sex, race, or histology (data not shown, all p > 0.05). Of note, given our interest in long-term neurocognitive and social outcomes, patients diagnosed with brain stem glioma, high-grade glioma, or atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors were excluded from participation. Data were also excluded for participants who could not complete testing due to profound cognitive or visual impairment (n=5). The present study reports on the outcomes of 58 patients. Medical and demographic characteristics for participants are reported in Table 1.